The act was passed because the inadequacy of the current system was obvious, especially as the industrial revolution had hit Britain and towns were growing rapidly, leading to an increase in crime rate. For these reasons Peel decided to create to metropolitan police force. This administrative structure created served as a model fir the urban& rural police forces that we established in mid 1830’s. Furthermore as home secretary Peel also reformed the Penal code by removing the death penalty for over 180 crimes and introduced the Gaols Act (1823) as an attempt to improve the foul conditions of the prisons and increase efficiency of the system; he also repealed the Combinations act. The most important part of his career as home secretary would undoubtedly be his support to pass Catholic Emancipation in 1829.
By 1914 over a third of British exports went to the empire. Empire also untied people with a sense of patriotism and national identity, people saw themselves as members of the greatest nation on Earth. Despite all of this, even before 1914 the empire was beginning to show signs of strain, the Boer War was one of the first significant impacts in Britain's (and the rest of the world’s) view on imperialism and Britain. The Boer War (1899-1902) was fought directly against the Transvaal and the Orange Free State, in which the Boers were defeated first in open warfare and then in a long and bitter guerrilla campaign. During the war controversial methods like concentration camps and scorched earth policy were used to win the war.
Do you agree with the view that the Second Boer War advanced the cause of social reform in Britain? Explain your answer, using sources 4, 5 and 6 and your own knowledge. I agree to an extent that the Second Boer War advanced the cause of social reforms, as it is clear that the reforms made such as the Old Age Pensions Act 1908, which showed advances in respect for the elderly, and Child Welfare Legislation which led to food being provided at school for children, penalties for parental neglect and regular medical inspections- all which led to a reduced death rate. The idea of The Boer War causing reform in Britain is supported by the sources, as Source 5 makes it clear that the war brought to light the physical deterioration of the working classes- agreeing with Source 4 that the war ‘did reinforce concern’ toward the ‘condition of the mass of the population’- whereas before this area of concern had been somewhat neglected. This is supported also by Source 6, which specifies that it was in the ‘recruitment for the Second Boer War’ that made it clear reforms needed to be done in order to solve the gradual rise of poverty in Britain.
Westward Expansion There are many factors to consider when trying to decide which force had the greatest impact on the nation. Nationalism, when people hold great pride in their country, influenced heavily on the nation by bringing us closer to our neighbors and unifying us as a society. January 1815, a British fleet with 7500 troops lands near New Orleans. When the United States conquered the British, it was our nations first true look at nationalism. While this impacted our nation, the other competing forces still had a more significant impact.
The years 1881 to 1914 were a time of great turbulence in Tsarist Russia. The 1905 revolution almost toppled the Tsarist regime. Political assassinations were common and military defeat became somewhat the norm. In the late 19th century, Russia was one of Europe’s Great Powers. This status had depended on military power but by the 1890s military power was becoming increasingly linked to economic power.
Explain why Liberal Reforms were successful in appealing to the working class? From the emergence of new Liberalism after Gladstone, the concern for a healthier workforce and the strive to get more votes from the working class, the Liberals had to pass certain reforms that appealed to people like children, workers, sick and elderly. These reforms were overall very successful, as they were start of collectivism in our society and an end to the laissez faire attitude that the government once had. Liberals were very successful in achieving a significant degree of social change in Britain and paved the way for the establishment of a welfare state. The competition with other countries like America and Germany influenced our politicians to look deeper into the society and solve the social and economic issues that weakened our nation.
It is believed that the Second World War was actually the cause of many social reforms that were later formed, and the constituting of a welfare state. It was also due to the war that Labour was voted into power with a landslide victory, as the population believed that ‘post-war had to be better than pre-war,’ which caused people to vote for Labour in hope that they would deliver the peaceful revolution that they envisioned. However, some historians believe that the reason that Labour was so successful during their time in power is due to the achievements of the Liberals from 1906-1914. After the El Alamein battle in 1942, many people believed that Britain had a chance at winning the war and the government started to plan for a post-war social reconstruction. The most important plan made was the Beveridge Report in 1942.
I mostly agree that collectivisation made an essential contribution to Stalin’s transformation of the economy. It helped to increase production and consequently came the increase in industrialisation. Despite many obvious failures of collectivisation, economically, it was mainly successful. However, I believe that other factors such as the five year plans also had a significant impact on the transformation of the economy. Collectivisation was the process by which Russian agriculture was reformed.
“Politics were important to the Victorians; they believed in the perfection of their evolved representative government, and in exporting it throughout the British Empire.” (Shepherd). Political movements were born and spread mostly during this time. Work and play greatly expanded during this time as well. Medicine was greatly improved during this time period due to increase in scientific thought. New technology was created and many lives greatly improved.
Between the years of 1906-1914 many Liberal Social reforms were introduced to try and improve the lives of the poor. In the late 19th century and early 20th century there were high levels of poverty due to malnutrition and disease. Previous to the reforms the Government had taken a ‘laissez faire’ approach in the running of the country. There are many factors to be examined when trying to understand why there was sudden change of view from the government on the poor of society and why these Liberal Social Reforms were introduced. One of the possible factors was the genuine concern that they felt towards the poor.