Water Scarcity and Deforestation: Two Environmental Problems in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Water Scarcity and Deforestation: Two Environmental Problems in Sub-Saharan Africa Introduction Water scarcity and deforestation are two of the most serious environmental problems facing inhabitants within Sub-Saharan Africa. Each of these environmental challenges produces wide-ranging effects upon the region. Water scarcity, particularly the availability of clean fresh water, impairs the performance of local sanitation systems and local agriculture, which results in regional food shortages. Deforestation contributes to soil erosion, which prevents the success of local agriculture and causes food shortages. Deforestation is also the direct cause of biodiversity loss through habitat destruction. Deforestation negatively impacts not only the activities of individual species but also threatens the functioning of entire ecosystems. This paper discusses some of the factors contributing to these two environment problems. In addition, this paper discusses some potential solutions with reference to other regions also facing the same problems. Current projections demonstrate that these problems will only increase with time unless viable solutions are implemented to help alleviate water scarcity and deforestation in the region. Root Causes of these Environmental Challenges Several factors have combined to create the current environmental problems within Sub-Saharan Africa. The natural composition of the world would almost undeniably lead to water scarcity in some regions of the world. Of the world’s freshwater, only about 13% is directly accessible (“World Bank Water Resource Management” 1). Most of this freshwater is under the ground or in the north and south poles. Most of the accessible fresh water is collected from the ground (“World Bank Water Resource Management” 1). Of the remaining 13% of accessible fresh water, 1% is accessible in the Middle

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