The secondary cause is related to an existing infection or disease. Each of these are caused by different irritants that result in the same disruption of normal perfusion. The attacks on the lung lead to alveolar inflammation and edema that causes low ventilation and blood and fluid to be pushed into the capillaries. This leads to a stasis in the lung’s gas perfusion and creates a pressure that makes it harder for the individual to breath (Anatomical Chart Company, 2010, p. 100). The first signs and symptoms of any infection should immediately be put to the attention of the health care provider.
(3) Etiology: Pneumonia develops when the immune system cannot combat the virulence of the invading organisms. Organisms from the environment, invasive devices, equipment and supplies, staff, or other people can invade the body. Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa. Noninfectious causes of pneumonia include inhalation of toxic gases, chemical fumes, and smoke and aspiration of water, food, fluid, and vomitus. (4) Signs & Symptoms: Pneumonia may present with a 1-2 day history of cough, fever, dyspnea, fatigue, rigors and pleuritic pain.
Nosocomial infection * Infection that is acquired during the time of stay at a hospital. Iatrogenic infection * An infection caused by accidental medical actions. HCIA * Infections that are acquired as a result of healthcare interventions. 3. Explain how a nosocomial infection may manifest after the client has been discharged from hospital.
Flu Vaccine for the Geriatric Population: Health Education Cora L. Sweeney Oakland University The objective of this Health Education Deliverable is to assess and observe a clinical setting in which geriatric residents who reside in congregated living who are ages 65 yrs. and older, attend a flu clinic. Flu clinics for this particular population are being held in both assisted living and memory care facilities. Residents of these communities are looking not only to seek administration of the flu shot, but also to attain information about this season’s strain of the flu as well as this year’s flu vaccine. Residents come to the flu clinic of their own free will or are assisted by caregivers.
Late one night he becomes extremely dyspneic, so his roommate takes him to the ED where he is admitted to the hospital with probable Pneumocystic jirovecii Pneumonia (formerly PCP). M.G. is placed on nasal oxygen, IV fluids, and IV trimethoprim/sulfamethoxadole. 1. What is Pneumocystic jirovecii Pneumonia?
MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS: Pneumonia: Pneumonia is an infection in one or both lungs. The infection may be caused by fungi, bacteria, or viruses. Pneumonia causes inflammation in your lungs air sacs, also referred to as alveoli. The alveoli fill with fluid or pus, making it difficult to breathe. The invading organism causes symptoms, in part, by provoking a large immune response in the lungs.
(2011), describes Ventilator-associated-pneumonia as the pneumonia that develops within 48 hours or longer after mechanical ventilation by either endotracheal tube or by tracheostomy. The early diagnosis of VAP for timely intervention is a major problem and the implementation of this project is aimed at improving the situation. According to Rea-Neto et al. (2008), VAP is a common disease in the intensive care unit (ICU) of many hospitals affecting 8% to 20% of ICU patients and up to 27% of mechanically ventilated patients. According to a study conducted by Fàbregas et al.
An infection developing 48 hours after a patient has been admitted into hospital will generally be referred to as a hospital acquired infection. There are a number of hospital acquired infections that can affect patients during their stay in hospital and are generally due to microorganisms. Microorganisms may already exist within a patient’s flora; these are referred to as endogenous infections. A common endogenous infection is a UTI (Urinary Tract Infection) which would occur when a catheter is inserted through the urethra to the bladder to empty the bladder. Even though catheters used in hospitals today are packed and sterile this type of infection may be unavoidable on most occasions as microorganisms in or just outside the urethra may enter the bladder via the catheter causing a UTI.
According to Meleis (2007) knowing includes knowledge based on observation, research findings (evidenced based), clinical manifestations and scientific approach. As a stroke nurse empirical knowing it’s very important in taking care of stroke patients. I determine patient’s neurological status by performing neuro checks frequently every 1-2 hrs as the patient’s condition might deteriorate the first 24hrs and perform swallow test to determine if the patient can swallow medications. Patient’s plan of care is based on assessment findings(vital signs, Glasgow coma score).If a patient is confused and very weak fall precaution is observed by activating the bed alarms, request for a PT/OT consult, if the patient does not pass the swallow test, a speech therapist is consulted. Sometimes patient’s neurological deficits get resolved after a few hours or days and that calls for change of treatment plan.
In the article titled Hospital Outpatient Facility Services. Hospitalization on an outpatient basis is active treatment that incorporates an individualized treatment plan that describes coordination of services tailored to the needs of a patient with a mental disorder and includes a multidisciplinary team under the direction of a physician. Treatment must be vigorous and proactive with the intent to treat the serious presenting psychiatric symptoms (brown, 2004). When a Psychiatric patient are admitted to the hospital they are considered acutely ill and require stabilization. Once stabilized the patients are discharged.