The alternative hypothesis is a statement that is accepted only if the data proves evidence is true. This typically represents the values of a population parameter in which the researcher wants to gather evidence to support the hypothesis (McClave, Benson, & Sincich, 2011). The next steps are to select the appropriate test statistic and level of significance. The z-test is typically used when testing a hypothesis of a proportion and a t-test is used when testing a hypothesis of a mean. The test statistic is used to determine whether the researcher should use the null or alternative hypothesis.
This is an example of the heritability coefficient coming into play: the estimate of how much someone's specific trait in comparison to other people's traits under one characteristic is attributable to genes (Olson, Vernon, Harris, Aitken, & Jang, 2001). This coefficient ought to be higher in identical twins than in fraternal twins. Then again, it is possible for identical twins to express different phenotypes (external expression of genetics) for the same genotypes (genetic makeup). This is representative of their no shared environments; even though identical twins possess the same genetic makeup, they may go through different experiences throughout their lives that shape their
The sampling distribution for the difference in sample proportions has what standard deviation? (a) 1.3 (b) 0.40 (c) 0.047 (d) 0.0002 (e) None of the above. 2. What is the best reason for performing a paired experiment rather than a two–independent sample experiment in this case? (a) It is easier to do since we need
Toheeb Adeyemi Unit 5 M3 Asch’s study is a very good example of how people conform to the actions of others, even though they know that what others say or do is not necessarily right. The aim of this study was to discover how much the majority influences the decisions of individuals during a clear task. Would the majority vote influence their own answer to the apparently single option, or would they stick firmly to their view that they knew to be correct? How many individuals in the group would conform? He found out during the 12 most important trials, 36.8% of the answers given by the ‘real’ participants were incorrect, effectively conforming to the wrong answers given by the common associates.
Assessing the effect of a modification in the RRS agenda, seven of the studies used a qualitative approach, and eleven used quantitative methods (Winters et al., 2013). There are pros and cons for both types of studies. The main design of the research used in this systematic review was quantitative research. Quantitative research often produces information that is geared toward a larger population. The information is easily translated into simple charts and graphs due to the fact the information provided are in statistical number form (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2011).
Gino Rimando Phil 186 Mrs. Lisa Bernasconi March 5th, 2013 Fred: A Utilitarian or a Deontologist? According to The History of Utilitarianism of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy. It is a theory in normative ethics holding that the proper course of action is the one that maximizes utility, specifically defined as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering which will bring more good to the society than any other system. If Fred was a Utilitarian, he would go to the authorities and tell them the illegal things that are happening in the company he is working for, but since he had signed a confidentiality agreement with the company he is not allowed to tell the
Watson genuinely believes in a renewed eugenics, now scientifically accurate and technically powerful, and has laid out a logical, strategic framework for moving science and society in that direction. His viewpoint of eugenics is very strong and extremely controversial, but Watson believes we should practice this method because why have genetic problems if you don’t have to. Although Hitler also had a version of eugenics, Watson feels his is different due to the fact that no killing would be involved, just altering on the DNA strand. Watson feels his ideas would benefit society in many ways. Parents would be allowed to choose the DNA of their children.
Client-centred therapy is based on the therapist giving the client unconditional positive regard, being genuine and honest, and empathising showing empathy. It remains highly influential; the very strength of the humanistic viewpoint, its focus on conscious experience is contrasted to the psychodynamic theory where Freud believed in the unconscious mind. the conscious experience is also its greatest weakness when approached as a scientific endeavour. Ultimately your conscious experience is known or knowable only to an audience of one—you. As scientists, how can humanistic psychologists ever be certain that they are measuring with any precision the private, subjective experience of another Person?
“A personalised induction will always be more effective” There is a clear difference in how to approach hypnotherapy to a group of people as opposed to delivery to an individual person, there have been a number of researches done and statistics have shown that individual hypnosis is more effective. Dr. Alfred A. Barrios (Ph.D. UCLA) (clinical psychologist) published an article in the journal of Psychotherapy: Theory Research and Practice and determined that the greatest success in providing lasting change occurred with: * Hypnosis 93% recovery after 6 sessions (about 1 ½ months) * Behaviour Therapy 72% recovery after 22 sessions (about 6 months) * Psychotherapy 38% recovery after 600 sessions (about 11
Tony’s demonstration of human resistance to malaria is important to evolutionary biology because it proves that the agent of natural selection is still active. Also, his discovery is important to evolutionary biology because the degree of resistance is measurable and important in early life, there is a simple genetic resistance, and the direct association is provided and proven. Tony’s discovery is very unique because it shows an example of a mutation that may be beneficial instead of the stereotypical view that all mutations are harmful. The HbS mutation is harmful under most conditions, but in certain cases, such as this sickle cell-malaria link, it is proven that the HbS mutation may be helpful. Tony went to Kenya as a young child and experienced a disease that many fear with their lives.