They are found naturally in humans, as well as plants and animals. Bacteria multiply by themselves to spread. Bacteria rapidly reproduce and make toxins that kill or damage cells. They differ from viruses, fungi and parasites because they do not always cause harm, sometimes they can be beneficial. In fact only 1% of bacteria are harmful.
Although they are eukaryotes like plants and animals, the major difference is that fungal cells have cell walls that contain chitin, unlike the cell walls of plants, which contain cellulose. Fungi lack the chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis and must therefore live as parasites or saprophytes Parasites: plant or animal that at some stage of its existence obtains its nourishment from another living organism called the host. Parasites may or may not harm the host, but they never benefit it. They include members of many plant and animal groups, and nearly all living things are at some time hosts to parasitic forms. Many bacteria are parasitic on external and internal body surfaces; some of these invade the inner tissues and cause disease.
Beadle and Tatum grew hundreds of different spores. Why did they need to grow so many? Beadle and Tatum needed to grow hundreds of different spores to obtain the mutants and to repeat experiments for reliability. Outline the evidence used by Beadle and Tatum to support their hypothesis. To support their hypothesis Beadle and Tatum showed that some of the mutants forms of Neurospora could not live without a particular amino acid or vitamin added to their food source.
It is stated on www.biologyinfo.com that, “Not all bacteria are harmful. In fact, less than 1 percent cause disease, and some bacteria that live in your body are actually good for you”. However there are some bad bacteria which cause diseases such as, MRSA, strep throat, tuberculosis, anthrax and urinary tract infections. Viruses are a great deal smaller than bacteria. They are contained in a protein coating which makes them more difficult to destroy.
Most viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria .Viruses are not considered living because they are unable to reproduce.All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; all have a protein coat that protects these genes; and some have an envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell. Fungi: These are Eukaryotes..when compared to bacteria(prokaryote) and virus.Like plants and animals, fungi are eukaryotic multicellular organisms.Fungi are multi-cellular organisms and parasites are any vectors that require a living host in order to live/reproduce. Both bacteria and fungi can survive on their own, while viruses have to infect a host to survive Parasites: A parasite is an organism that lives on or inside another organism to the detriment of the host organism. These are of various forms and types.A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host.
1.1 & 1.2 Bacteria~ These are single cells that can divide and multiply rapidly and come in different shapes and divide anywhere such as M.R.S.A, septicaemia and gastro-enteritis. Viruses~ Are ready made stable D.N.A with a protective shell, they cannot invade without the assistance of another cell to do so, examples of these are the common cold, flu and hepatitis. Fungi~ Are simple plants such as yeasts and moulds or even rusts that thrive in moist, dark, unventilated areas like thrush, ringworm or athlete's foot. Parasites~ Are animals or plants living in or on the host, usually small creatures that are living on or within us such as lice, scabies, tapeworm or threadworm. 1.3 What is meant by….
Catalase introduction Enzymes are Catalysts; they are not used up in the reactions or changed in the reactions. Cells use enzymes to break down poisonous chemicals into harmless substances. Enzymes can be very sensitive to changes in pH and temperature Enzymes are proteins, Catalase is an enzyme found in the cells of many living tissues, including potato. It speeds up a reaction that breaks down hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a poisonous chemical to all living things.
Najey Mcduffie March 12, 2012 Biology/ Pd. 4 Mr. McMillian Methods In Which Tapeworms Survive The immune system is made from cells, proteins, tissues, and organs, it is supposed to protect people from germs and microorganisms (2). It usually does a great job at protecting people, but somehow the immune system is unable to detect the tapeworm. Although tapeworms have no digestive system of their own, they acquire nutrients from partially digested food, through their skin as it goes through the person they inhabit. Tapeworms can grow to be at least twenty-two feet in somebody’s body.
A similar discovery was made of a whole ecosystem of invertebrates surviving from chemoautotrophic bacteria in a cave that had been completely sealed from the outside world for more than a million years (Sarbu et al. 1996). The surprising discoveries warped science’s perceptions of the boundaries of life’s existence. After many drill sites found uncontaminated samples of microbes in numbers equivalent to surface populations, hundreds of metres under the ocean floor, the hypothesis of a deep prokaryotic biosphere seemed likely reality (Petersen 2005). The implications of this biosphere are potentially as vast as the biosphere itself.
The rings of growth in the lawn are caused by the release of nutrients, specifically nitrogen because of the activity of the fungus living on organic matter in the soil. These organisms are mushroom or “puffball” forming fungi. Some mushrooms or puffballs are very poisonous when eaten and it is important that they are routinely destroyed if small children are likely to be attracted to them. There are three kinds of fairy rings. The first type has no mushrooms just stimulated grass growth revealing the activity of these fungi in soil.