Toyota Production System

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Ensuring uniformity in the production (mura), reducing rigidity in the process (muri) and to do away with underutilised resources (muda) are the three principle aims of the Toyota Production System (TPS). When practicising the TPS, most companies prioritise the removal of underusage of resources as it is more accustomed to their daily operations. In the 1950s, Toyota deployed a group of representatives to America to observe Ford Motor Company in Michigan, only to find a shocking level of factory overstock. (Taiichi, 1998) A trip to the Piggly Wiggly supermarket (Magee, 2007) turned out to be what really influenced the creation of the TPS. The supermarket’s method of managing supply had exercised efficiency by purchasing and replenishing stock only when necessary. This technique had impressed the Toyota representatives and prompted their new approach to operations efficiency. Toyota started to manage with foresight, ensuring sufficent quantity of stock while preventing underutilized resources. This in turn helped to reduce the necessity of storage thus forming today’s Just-in-Time (JIT) inventory system. (Taiichi 1998) When it comes to resolving complications, Toyota’s strategy is to meticulously and exhaustively take out whatever elements that is inefficient and unprofitable to the production process. Their tactic has been likened to “squeezing water from a dry towel.” (Wick, 2011) By adopting the TPS, Toyota was able to effectively cut down on the duration from the beginning to the end of a production process. Toyota was able to lower down their overheads and refine their quality of goods. Not only did this aid Toyota in emerging as one of the top ten market giants, Toyota successfully came to be the biggest automotive industrialist in 2007. Today, Toyota’s annual yields surpasses those of its competitors collectively. Focusing on operational

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