Henry also needed to control the nobility because if he didn’t, or only managed to control a minority, he could have a revolution, and Nobles, together, had a lot more money and power than the king himself. Firstly he gave the Earl of Surrey his lands back, bits at a time to ensure his loyalty, while having him as a key figurehead in the north to stop rebellions, since the north largely supported Richard and Henry needed to find a way of controlling them. Also Henry didn’t get rid of all the Yorkist nobles in the council, only those who thought against him. He did this so that he wouldn’t have a full scale Yorkist rebellion on his hands, but he couldn’t have people who wanted him dead and had fought against him on his council. As well as this, Henry needed to be effective at getting England onto a secure financial footing.
After Henry VII had died, Henry decided to marry Catherine of Aragon. This proved to be a very shrewd move as by doing so he avoided issues concerning the papal dispensation and a missing part of the marriage portion. This move also made sure that Anglo-Spanish relations were not further strained. Also Henry VIII’s England was included in the Holy-League which included Spain, The Holy Roman Empire and the Papacy. It was formed by the pope and was Anti-French.
“Isabella and Ferdinand successfully strengthened the authority and power of the Crown in “Spain” by taming the Castilian aristocracy.” To what extent do you agree with this view? Though it is unquestionable that Isabella and Ferdinand did increase the authority of the Crown within “Spain” by 1516. It is, however, more debatable whether the taming of the aristocracy was the sole reason. Other factors such as the unifying of faith within Spain through the exile of the Jews and Muslims, along with their personal style of peripatetic monarchy, surely contributed greatly to their success. The issue of the aristocracy must be addressed first; their influence should not be underestimated, coming from high social backgrounds and many of which held a position in government they generally had at least some form of power, either socially or with direct influence within parliament.
When the Earls combined their power it was enough to overpower the King, this meant that if they worked together they would be able to overcome him without an issue at all. This suggests that there were breaks in the system and if out under pressure it could bring it all down. The country's system of 'writs' which were written orders with the authority of the King and was also unmatched by the rest of Europe. The orders were stamped with the Kings seal once they had been written up by the chancery on behalf of the King. This suggests that pre-conquest England was well governed because the King could easily send out exact orders to many different people very effectively, letting him be consistent across the realm.
Remember that the city of Rome had once been a magnificent capital of an entire empire It is important to remember that at this time in history, Popes are more like Kings than the way that we think about Popes these days. They had political as well as spiritual ambition, commanded armies, and lived rather luxurious lives. They often had mistresses and illegitimate children. This will all change when Martin Luther questions some of the
Within the public intensions the king wanted to bring the clergymen into the sphere of his subjects. Clergymen of England were under the influence of the Pope, and saw the king as a second leadership figure. The Monasteries were also an outdated system that needed to be changed, for the better according to Henry VIII. The Dissolution would also show if the monasteries were suitable to serve as hospitals and as educational centres for the people of England. However, Henry and Cromwell had their own private intensions to dissolve the monasteries.
The fourth crusade became terribly diverted from its original plans and became one of the most tragic and barbaric of all the crusades. When Innocent III was elected Pope in 1198 he wanted to ensure his superiority over the state. The Papacy was at its strongest when Innocent reigned as Pope from 1198 – 1216. He believed that the line of Peter’s bishops should control the church and help rule over all domestic affairs. Despite all of Innocent’s lofty views of himself he still maintained a pious and clear mind.
Hitler tried to consolidate his power legally and probably the most important law Hitler and the Nazis changed was the passing of the enabling act in March 23rd 1933. This allowed Hitler to have absolute power and was allowed to pass laws without consulting the Reichstag. This helped Hitler consolidate his grip on power very well. Hitler achieved this by getting enough seats in the Reichstag although it was not a majority that Hitler wanted. Hitler and the Nazis wanted to enforce Gleischaltung.
In 1919, he declared ‘ we are the heretics (non –believers) of all churches’ . He soon realised he had to foster good relations with the Church simply because, regardless of his dictatorship the Roman Catholic Church was such a powerful institution in Italy. Mussolini could not afford to anger the Church. Once leader, Mussolini had to decide whether to take on the power of the Church or to work with it. He chose the latter.
Washington served as president for two terms, during which he accomplished many new things. Washington accepted Jay's treaty, which settled the arguments between America and the British. Washington also decided that the Bill of Rights should be added to the Constitution, agreeing that they should have Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Press, and Freedom of Religion. George Washington was a brave and intelligent man who fought for his country’s freedom and enforced that freedom as the first president of the United States; due to his accomplishments Washington is remembered as one of the greatest presidents of all time. Other presidents have impacted this country as well.