Biopsychology is still a very new compared to several other areas of psychology, but it is developing quickly. 2. What is the historical development of biological psychology? Pinel (2009) stated, “Biological psychology was not developed until the 20th century into a major neuroscientific discipline”. In 1949 D.O.Hebb published a book titled “The Organization of Behavior”, this is what helped open the eyes of many to the idea of biopsychology.
Do humans enter the world with basic human function, or do they develop these functions as a result of those around them? Are we inclines to be more intelligent, artistic and social because our parents are? Many sociologists, biologists, and scientists have examined these questions and many more concerning what it actually is that forms our talents, habits and personalities resulting in the “nature vs. nurture” debate. The “Nature vs. Nurture” Debate Sir Francis Galton is the 18th century English anthropologist who coined the phrase “Nature vs. Nurture”. His book, Hereditary Genius was the first social scientific attempt to study intelligence and prominence.
The first scenario utilizes quantitative research. This type of research uses traditional scientific method to measure and analyze evidence that yields numerical data or information (Polit & Beck, 2010). Quantitative research is allied with a positivist paradigm in which objectivity, deductive processing and generalization are employed. These methods are strengths of such research whereas the requirement of large sample sizes and the inability to answer moral or ethical questions are its weaknesses. On the evidence hierarchy, it is in the Level IIa category because it is presented as a single randomized clinical trial.
This quest for knowledge induced a time of experimentation to further intelligence pertaining to the drug. This led to experiments testing everything from autism to alcoholism. The government was also trying to exploit the drug for “mind control” use (Inside LSD). One example that proved LSD had a positive use was Dr. James Fadiman’s experiment on administering large doses to scientists participating in his study. The data compiled revealed that all the problems they had addressed during the experimentation were solved more intelligibly and creatively.
Carl Jung was born in Switzerland in 1875, and educated largely in Basel. Jung was a psychologist and psychiatrist, and the credited with being the founder of analytical psychology. His work and influence covers a number of different areas, and he is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers to have theorised about life and how people relate to it. In order to consider the concept in question; Jung’s theories concerning personality types, it is first useful to gain a clear understanding of what is meant by the term personality. The Collins English Dictionary (2009) defines personality as being ‘the sum total of all the behavioural and mental characteristics by means of which an individual is recognized as being unique’.
Is Medical Experimentation Ethical Abstract In this discussion we will focus on how we can make the ethically correct decision when it comes down to experimentation on human beings. We will look into the history of the experimentation process and find some of the determining factors that took place. We will also look into Dr. Mengeles first experimentations and try a make a decision on whether or not what he had done in Nazi Germany was ethically correct or not. Science as we no it today has advanced at a fast pace in the last century due to the beginning of human experimentation. When you sit back and think of the process and some of the issues that arise from human experimentation, you begin to realize how many ethical issues we must have considered to come to conclusions to have deemed it right to begin experimentation on humans.
The Enlightenment Era: All over the Map With the great leaps that were made in the areas of math and science during the 1600’s by such great names as Isaac Newton, a new era was ushered in called the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment predominated during the 18th century in England and France, although its ideals also held power in the rest of Europe and into America. Enlightenment thinkers borrowed their ideas of evidence-based rationality from Newton, who conducted his scientific experiments with a focus on evidence and concrete data. His focus was on the tangible natural world with an avoidance of the supernatural and unproven. (Kleiner 589) John Locke was also an important influence on Enlightenment thought as he focused on the goodness of the individual and his natural rights.
Galton influenced his successors and was influenced by many of his predecessors, namely his half-cousin, Charles Darwin and Darwin’s work entitled The Origin of Species. Galton drew from what others had established and extended those findings. He desired to improve the human race with his findings in eugenics but lacked some crucial pieces to the puzzle he developed. He asked all the “right” questions but drew the wrong conclusions. Although the modern day public may dismiss some of his ideas as backward or non-progressive, Galton was a genius among men; Galton published many works that introduced the scientific world to never-before conceived ideas and concepts.
“Describe and critically evaluate the theories of Sigmund Freud’s psychodynamic approach and summarise and evaluate two other approaches in relation to their explanations of human behaviour” This essay will describe the theories of Sigmund Freud. It will evaluate Freud’s theories and will also find if any strengths and weaknesses were apparent within his studies. Also covered will be to compare and contrast two other theories, cognitive and humanism. Sigmund Freud (1865-1939) remains one of the best known and most argued about psychologist and his studies were quite profound. Freud began his journey into psychology by starting as a doctor, neurology being his speciality.
Lifespan Perspective Paper University Of Phoenix Sharmiece Dobson Introduction Developmental psychology appears to be one of the most prominent research specialties in psychology. Before there can be a final product there is often times a development draft first. There is a beginning and an end to everything in life. Charles Darwin had a desire to understand the dynamics of evolution, from that grew the study of lifespan development. According to Boyd & Bee (2006) norms and adolescence was introduced to scientist through a book published by G. Stanley Hall.