This essay will outline and evaluate some of the most innovative and prominent areas of development, in the person centred approach since the death of Rogers. It will focus on some of the key figures to contribute to these developments, and how they impacted on the style of Person centred therapy. The Person centred or Rogerian Approach is based on concepts from humanistic Psychology and was developed in the 1930’s by American Psychologist Carl Rogers. It was a move forward from previous therapies such as Freud’s psychoanalysis which placed the therapist in a detached superior form over the client. In person or client centred therapy as it is also known, the client and therapist are viewed as equal and it was Rogers who established that the person should be referred to as ‘client’ instead of ‘patient’ as his previous successors had done.
The American Association for Applied Psychology (AAAP) was an organization representing the interests of applied psychologists. After World War II, the AAAP joined forces with the APA recognizing the need for applied psychology. The reorganization of the APA in 1945 evolved by having psychologists self-identify certain aspects that best represented their interests and work. As a result branches of professional areas emerged such as, clinical psychology, industrial psychology, and school psychology. For fifteen days, seventy three academic and applied psychology, medicine, nursing, and education representatives met and discussed about the establishment of professional psychology.
Amy McGraw 1 Amy McGraw Assessment and Counseling Kristy L. Hardwick April 23, 2010 The Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory is referred to as the SASSI. Dr. Glenn A. Miller developed the SASSI for a screening questionnaire to discover if people have a high likelihood of substance dependence disorder. Dr. Glenn Miller dreamed of owning his own business and making it grow and thrive. The business opened and was close to where the family lived. Dr. Miller and his wife called their new business “Quest for Camelot.” In 1967 Dr. Miller earned his Ph.D. from Illinois University in Clinical Psychology where he specialized in assessment.
Paul Popenoe, a eugenicist, opened the first marriage-counseling center in the United States. The American Institute of Family Relations opened in 1930. Popenoe’s ideas on eugenics were not as staunch as in previous years. He still believed in sterilization for those classified as “unfit,” mentally incapacitated, or even those living in poor conditions. But his marriage center focused on the needs of bringing together people of strong physical and mental backgrounds to help them build strong, healthy families.
Albert Speer – rise to prominence Albert Speer was a significant figure in German history due to his various architectural projects and his appointment as Minister for Armaments. Although he claimed to be apolitical, Speer joined the Nationalist Social party on March 1st, 1931 and from they’re his career in the Nazi party prospered. Speer’s first contribution to the Nazi party was as a chauffer, as district head of the Nazi Motorist League, where he met Karl Hanke. A recommendation by Hanke to Goebbels, gave Speer his first architectural assignment of decorating Goebbels headquarters in Berlin. Hitler approved the finished result, however Goebbels did not like its simplicity and had it redecorated.
Maria Pavlovski Assignment No. 1 Theoretical approaches in the use of counselling skills 1.1 Key characteristics and concepts of: Humanistic theory, The humanistic theory was developed by a group of American psychologists (Maslow, Rogers, May) in the 1940’s and 1950’s. Carl Rogers developed the person-centred approach based on the ideology that all people have a desire to grow and reach their full potential and fulfilment which Rogers termed as self-actualization. Humanistic counselling helps to enable the client to grow by providing them with six core conditions which provide a climate conductive to growth and therapeutic change. The six core conditions are: * Therapist-client psychological contact * Client vulnerability * Client perception * Unconditional positive regard * Empathic understanding * Therapeutic Congruence or Genuineness With Unconditional positive regard, the counsellor accepts the client unconditionally and is non-judgemental.
Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem by Erich Fromm Erich Fromm (1900-1980), a German-born, internationally influential psychologist, philosopher, educator, and humanist, became an American citizen in 1940 after fleeing Germany to escape Hitler & the rise of Nazism. He wrote twenty-three books including Escape from Freedom, The Sane Society, The Art of Loving, Psychoanalysis and Religion, and The Revolution of Hope. Fromm rejected both Western capitalism and Soviet communism, considering them equally dehumanizing & bureaucratic. A co-founder of SANE, the forerunner of today’s Peace Action organization, Fromm was deeply involved in the international peace movement and in the fights against the nuclear arms race and America's involvement in the Vietnam war. This article first appeared in 1963 in A Matter of Life, a collection of essays edited by Clara Urquhart.
Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) developed his ethical system of utilitarianism around the idea of pleasure. John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) later furthered and many believe he improved Bentham’s theory (Mill is often linked to Rule Utilitarianism) but still followed many of his original ideas. The theory is based on ancient hedonism, which pursued physical pleasure and avoided physical pain. Hedonism saw human beings as “Under the governance of two sovereign masters of pain and pleasure.” So a key concept that Bentham developed was the belief we are controlled by the desire to seek out pleasure and avoid pain bringing about the greatest happiness principle which is choosing the path that gives the greatest amount of people the greatest amount of happiness and the least amount of pain. This makes the theory eudaimonic.
Psychotherapy Year One. Module Three. North 2a Tutor: Stephen Lucas Name: Gemma Cassidy Word count: 2700 INTRODUCTION Carl Gustav Jung was born in Switzerland in 1875 and died in 1961. Jung became a psychiatrist in 1900 and in 1904 he gained recognition through his research with the word association test. In 1907 he met Sigmund Freud, and became a psychoanalyst.
After further studies of Natural Sciences at Gottingen in 1811 and in Berlin, Froebel established an educational community at Keilhau. His book The Education of Man was published in1826 and his first Kindergarten was opened at Blankenburg in 1837. Froebel was a German educator and the originator of the Kindergarten. Maria Montessori was an Italian educator and physician, born in Chiaravalle, and educated at the University of Rome. She is best known for the Montessori method of teaching young children, introduced to Rome in 1907.