Prompt 4: Analyze artistic and literary responses to industrialization over the course of the nineteenth century. The Industrial Revolution of the late 18th century and throughout the 19th century had a dramatic impact and influence on European life. While many aspects of life and society changed in response to these new developments, art and literature were heavily impacted as well. Three major forms of artistic responses to industrialization were Romanticism, Realism, and several new revolutionary styles of and made in reaction to the invention of the camera. All of these various styles responded to the industrialization of Europe in their own unique fashions, and resulted in a strange conglomeration of art, ideals, and themes.
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the middle of the 1700s. It marked a time period of major change in the nature of production where machines replaced hand tools and steam and other sources of energy replaced human or animal power. Production became efficient and mass production of goods marked the beginning of a new economy (History Guide, Lecture 17). In Canada the new economy involved the growth of industry and establishment of many factories required to manufacture the increased demand for goods. Many iron and steel factories were created to manufacture agricultural equipment as well as machine shops, textile and shoe factories (Francis et al., 133).
The Inevitability of Negative Consequences of the Industrial Revolution The perception of the industrial revolution as a key factor in changing the way of life is a fair statement. It is termed a “revolution” because the changes it produced were great and sudden. This revolution first appeared in Britain in the 1700s, fostering attitudes toward capitalism and modern industry everywhere. New traditions replaced old traditions, machinery replaced people, and people moved to urban cities from rural areas; simply, the way of life had been changed forever. The industrial revolution introduced mass production and greater markets.
The photography appears in Europe in the mid nineteenth century as part of the huge scientific development within a context of social, cultural and economic changes promoted by the Industrial Revolution. Played a key role as a support tool in the sciences and also change the look and perception of the world. The emergence of photography presents several arguments to the present day. Although some critics and historians differ on dates and names, in this study, we adopt the most devoted and propagated "foundation" of the art of photography: in 1827,the photo (light writing) was created by frenchman Joseph Nicephore Niépce mixed artist and inventor who in his experiments with lithography replaced the metal plate and pencil etching by sunlight. At the time, the motivation to discover new means of reproduction of reality was large and in a short time, the disclosure of the discovery was such that some appear inventors of photography, among them Louis Jacques Daguerre Mende (Godfather of the
Such developments opened up many new avenues of exploration, and historians were finally able to compile accurate chronologies of European history and antiquarians were finally able to compile accurate studies of the classical past, including the styles and innovative developments in architecture and design. Through the wealth of new travel and learning, Britain was lead through greater changes still; many of the travellers, returning to impress their findings upon society and install the latest architectural precedents of the continent. During the seventeenth century the primary garden style of England, was known as the “jardin à la française” and was a style based on the principles of strict geometry and symmetry, aimed towards imposing a greater sense of order and rigid organisation, over the natural. Inspired by many Italian gardens and architecture of the renaissance, the fashion and style soon spread through many of the courts throughout the rest of Europe, including England. The “French formal garden” reached its climax in the seventeenth century and the principles behind such designs were widely accepted and adopted.
Introduction The impact of the Olivetti brand upon Italian and global design was quite a considerable and far-reaching one. The concepts and practices put into place within the company, production lines, professional community, social spaces and territorial organisation revolutionised the means and manner in which modern industry interacted with society. Founded in 1908 in Ivrea, the company initially produced just typewriters, but expanded exponentially over the next decades to touch upon multiple other sectors; an aggregation that seemed to many to be an eclectic approach to business but rapidly gained supporters for it’s comprehensive philosophy. At the root of the Olivetti philosophy stood the belief of integration between the modern industrial
SWOT Analysis Kodak’s strength and Competitive Capabilities Forças da Kodak e Capacidades Competitivas Kodak’s strengths can take several forms as follows: Valuable intangible assets: Kodak’s strengths were its brand equity and distribution presence. After almost a century of global leadership in the photographic industry, Kodak possessed brand recognition and worldwide distribution. Kodak could bring new products to consumers’ attention and to support these products with one of the world’s best known and most widely respected brand names as a huge advantage in the market where technological change created uncertainty for consumers. Kodak’s brand reputation was supported by its massive worldwide distribution presence - primarily through retail photography stores, film processors, and professional photographers. Competitive Capabilities: Prior to 1990s Kodak had invested huge in R&D. Moreover, its century of innovation and development of photographic images gave Kodak tremendous depth of understanding of recording and processing images.
This was then harnessed to turn cogs inside a factory which then made the machinery work. This invention led to the building of a number of factories and is regarded by some as being the catalyst of the Industrial Revolution.The Steam EngineThe first steam powered devices were pumps. The first practical one being developed by Thomas Newcomen. This steam powered pump was used to not only pump water from mines but also to blow air into furnaces, and for pumping drinking water into towns. James Watt's development of the steam engine led to a large number of further developments.
Although there are many key elements of the rapid industrialization during the 19th century that aided in producing the outcomes (Urbanization, Social Classes/Living Conditions, Inventions), the most significant features that gave life to industrial and social progression were the introduction of mechanization, and the improvements made to transportation during the era of the Industrial Revolution. Mechanization: The first and one of the most important positive aspects of the Industrial Revolution was the mechanization of most labor methods, which allowed for a higher rate of production for and contributed greatly to the economic expansion and development of Western societies. The first example of mechanical introduction during the early years of the Industrial Revolution was that of the cotton textile industry. Prior to the inventions of Elias Howe (sewing machine) and
“Today, there is a popular consensus that the term ‘Renaissance’ refers to a profound and enduring upheaval and transformation in culture, politics, art and society in Europe between the years 1400 and 1600” (Brotton 9). Science was at the forefront of this expansion because of the speed at which technology advanced communication. With the invention of the printing press, education boomed and suddenly producing accurate copies of important books of the time was no longer a major time consuming process. Not only that, but now information in textbooks could continuously be updated as scholars began to better understand and learn more about their subject areas. This newfound availability of literature helped spur the movement of Renaissance Humanism.