The study of medicine dates back to early 6th century BC, mainly coming from India. From those studies and the several studies continuing after that, remedies and concoctions were made in the hopes of treating and curing diseases and discomforts. Whether it be from a philosopher, medicine man, apothecary, or chemist, the study of pharmaceuticals has been a long and ever advancing journey. Much recorded pharmaceutical knowledge has been recorded around the world since these beginning times. In ancient Egypt, there was the Kahun Papyrus of 2,000 BC filled with veterinary medicine.
The History of health insurance in the United States. (n.d.) Retrieved November 19, 2009 from http://www.neurosurgcal.com.The earliest health insurances only offered coverage against accidents related from travel by rail or steamboat. However, the plans did pave the way more comprehensive plans covering all illness and injuries. The first policy giving comprehensive benefits was offered by Massachusetts Health insurance of Boston in 1847.The history of health insurance in the United States. (n.d.) Retrieved November 19, 2009 from http://www.neurosurgical.com.
Team Research Project Part III (Walgreens) Team 4 Rasmussen College Author Note This research is being submitted on September 08, 2013 for Steve Johnson’s B 233 Section 11 Principles of Management course. Team 4 Research project Part III September 08, 2013. Gregory D. Wasson is president and chief executive officer of Walgreen Co., and has served on the company’s board of directors since 2009. Wasson joined Walgreens as a pharmacy intern in 1980 while a student at Purdue University’s School of Pharmacy in West Lafayette, Ind. After earning his bachelor’s degree in pharmacy in 1981, he managed several Houston Walgreens drugstores before being promoted to district manager in 1986.
John Snow was an English physician who was born in March 15, 1813. He is considered to be one of the first physicians to adopt chloroform and ether as surgical anesthetics. He is also considered to be one of the fathers of modern epidemiology due to his success in investigating and solving a cholera outbreak in Soho, London. John Snow’s systematic approaches to solving the cholera outbreak have been adopted and used even today. His success in anesthesiology and solving the cholera outbreak of 1854 has therefore impacted public health and modern epidemiology.
He is the first scientist to record precise descriptions of fungi, protozoa, and bacteria (“Microbiology’s”). Louis Pasteur postulated the germ theory of disease which states “microorganisms are the causes of infectious disease. While Pasteur could not prove his theory, another scientist by the name of Robert Koch was able to. Procedures known as “Koch’s postulates” are principles that link microorganisms to specific diseases. The “Golden age” of microbiology occurred in the late 1800’s, this is when many infectious diseases were identified (cliffsnotes.com).
First isolated in 1803, Morphine was discovered by German pharmacist F.W.A. Serturner. He named the Opium based drug Morpheus, after the god of dreams (Morphine Facts). Morphine began to grow in popularity and was being used for everything from pain relief to cough suppression and, ironically enough, to help cure Opium addiction. During the American Civil War, morphine was used frequently as a surgical anesthetic and would be sent home with soldiers as a pain reliever.
S. federal government. Its origins go all the way back to the appointment of Lewis Caleb Beck in the Patent Office in 1848 to carry out chemical analyses of agricultural products, a function that the newly created Department of Agriculture inherited in 1862. Although it was not known by its present name until 1930, FDA’s modern regulatory functions began with the passage of the 1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act, a law a quarter-century in the making that prohibited interstate commerce in adulterated and misbranded food and
Public health first went on record in 1601, when the Elizabethan Poor Law was written. This law, which was based on Great Britain’s health care model, and “guaranteed medical care for the poor, blind, and “lame” individuals, even those without family” (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008, p. 24). As the United Stated grew so did public health. Some of America’s milestones in public health include: the establishment of the American Public Health Association in 1872, the Public health nursing program was instituted at Teachers College, Columbia University, in New York in In 1910, and finally the Public Health Nursing textbook was written by Mary S. Gardner in 1919 (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). The history of public health in Ohio, yield incomplete results.
In the eleventh century, scholars traveled to libraries in places such as Toldeo, Spain, where they began translating — but only after they learned to read Arabic. Through this process, European medical schools gained access to vital reference sources such as al-Razi’s Comprehensive Book and Ibn Sina’s The Canon of Medicine. Ibn Sina’s five-volume encyclopedia guided doctors of Europe and Southwest Asia for six centuries. For nearly 500 years, al Qasim’s work, The Method, which contained original drawings of some 200 medical tools, was the foremost textbook on surgery in
Though it is stated that Marijuana dates back to the year of 2900 BC, when the Chinese Emperor Fu His was credited by the Chinese for being the first to reference marijuana noting that it was a popular medicine that possessed both aspects of the yin and the yang (ProCon.org, 2015). The usage of marijuana was identified in the U.S. around 1611. However, it was not until 1850 when marijuana appeared in the United States’ Pharmacopeia listed as a treatment for numerous medical illnesses and conditions until the early 20th century (Pacula, Chriqui, Reichmann, & Terry-McElrath, 2002). After World War I, the usage of marijuana had become common, until the government decided to limit the use of substances including marijuana, because controversy and the substances were being abused (Pacula et. al., 2002).