There are different theories established by psychologists, which explain where personality originates. The highly important individual who played a role in the psychoanalysis theory was Sigmund Freud. Freud believed an individual’s personality was influenced by the unconscious, which there is no way to control. He based understanding of personality on analysis of patient’s dreams as well as his own dreams. Adler theorized that personality was motivated by the influence of society and fighting for triumph.
Whenever the kid made the troubles, Sam always tried to control him. At the end of the story, Sam has to take the kid back and even pay money for the father, because of his greed and lack of research. And Bill is partner with Sam when they kidnap the kid, Johnny. Bill is the one who takes care of Johnny when Sam did another business. He doesn’t expect that Johnny is so naughty and obnoxious.
He also writes "an ash-pile made by many fires". This shows that many men must have walked through this road to enter a lonely and miserable life, moving from ranch to ranch finding useless work. I think all the people living in the ranch are lonely. There are particular people in the ranch who have lonelier lives than others. The loneliest person on the ranch has to be Crooks, who suffers from extreme loneliness because he is black and he is living in a ranch and the surrounding area which is very racist.
It is usually portrayed as the devil. However the Superego is the complete opposite. It is the mortality or principle of humans. Between the two would be the Ego, which is the mediator of the two. Carl Jung, Sigmund Fred’s pupil, learned this theory as well by studying beside him.
He declared that our mind consists of both conscious (ID), and the unconscious (ego). Then he edited it to suggest that there is no thought completely conscious or unconscious. Thus, we have a third part called superego helps us to make a moral judgment. Freud goes on analyzing the psychological mind of a child, into becoming a man or a woman through three stages: Oral, anal and phallic in which he discover the pleasure and other things. Then the child will grow and struggle will grow as well between the ID and Ego which Freud named the neurosis.
Authoritarians respond to a painful existence by, in a sense, eliminating themselves: If there is no me, how can anything hurt me? But others respond to pain by striking out against the world: If I destroy the world, how can it hurt me? It is this escape from freedom that accounts for much of the indiscriminate nastiness of life -- brutality, vandalism, humiliation, vandalism, crime, terrorism.... 3. Automaton conformity. Authoritarians escape by hiding within an authoritarian hierarchy.
Jung promoted the concept of archetypes, and Adler believed in the “will power” theory and that fundamentally, human beings are self- determined (“Theoretical Positions of Freud, Jung, and Adler,” n.d.). Freud is big on self-conscious, Jung said “the aim of life to know oneself, and to know one is to examine the depths of the unclear seas of not only the personal unconscious as well.” Adler stated that “individual psychology based on the idea of the indivisibility of one’s personality” (“Notable Quotes,” n.d.). The two characteristics that I agree with the most would be the psychoanalytic theory and the learning theory. I chose the psychoanalytic theory because it is natural and normal for people to have thoughts, feelings, and urges. Just like Freud said “at the same time we are only human and we cannot control what only comes naturally.
Jung and Adler are the most significant theorists to follow Freud in this arena. Other schools of personality theory include: the “behaviourists” - viewing personality as a response tendencies developed through learning, Skinner and Pavlov being the better known theorists in this area; the “humanists” - focusing on the concept of “self” and arguing that incongruence, or the battle between one’s “self-concept” and reality creates anxiety and therefore defensive behaviour; the “biological” or “evolutionary” theorists, such as Eysenck who theorised that inherited differences in physiological functioning can affect an individual's conditioning and thus influence their personality (Weiten, Dunn, Hammer, 2012); and the “Trait” theorists such as Cattell and Allport and the more contemporary McCrae and Costa who have used the statistical procedure of factor analysis to reduce human personality down to five factors of personality known as “The Big Five”. These factors are: “Extroversion vs Introversion”, “Emotional Stabilty vs Neuroticism”, “Open vs Closed (to experience)”, “Agreeable vs Unagreeable”, “Conscientious vs Unconscientious”. Trait theorists argue that all personality traits are derived from these five traits. What follows is an outline of Freud’s theory of psychodynamics, and a description of the biological perspective on personality.
Freudian interpretation, the Jungian approach, and Adler’s concept on the creative self are theories on how the mind works. Although Jung and Adler were inspired by Freud, each of these men broke away from Freudian theories to create separate theories in explaining the concept of the unconscious mind and of people’s behavior. Karen Horney was the first to present an entirely new concept on feminine psychology. The narrative mind is parallel with Eriksson’s identity concept (McAdams, 1999). No matter which theory an individual is inclined to believe, the all have a common premise in that the narratives individuals express are not always what he or she appear to be.
He struggles with humiliation. His illness is the result of his wounded pride. Porfiry’s reasons for most of his methods he used was he saw the intellectual potential in Raskolnikov and wanted him to see that in himself. In the beginning of the book, Raskolnikov views himself as sort of a “Superman,” or above the moral rules of society or above what is socially acceptable. This viewpoint compels if not encourages him to separate from society or the established Russian social order.