Cepheid variable stars have masses much larger than our Sun; the more massive stars are more luminous and have more extended envelopes 10. The stars near the centers of galaxies are orbiting at high velocities, which mean that there is the presence of super-massive black holes in the centers of most galaxies. 11. Large galaxies can absorb smaller galaxies called galactic cannibalism. Chapter 14 1.
Prominences 1. Prominences are immense clouds of glowing gases that erupt from the upper chromosphere. 2. The loops or arches of gases may shoot as high as 100 000 kilometres from the surface of the Sun. This allows some of the surface gases, mainly hydrogen and helium, to escape into space.
1 AU b. 149,600,000 km c. 8.3 light-minutes d. all of the above 5. Distances between stars are usually measured in a. light-minutes b. astronomical units c. light-days d. light-years 6. Einstein developed an equation that changed ideas about the sun’s energy source by describing the relationship between a. mass and energy b. gravity
Which planet does it orbit? | | |Pictures of the moon Europa show large cracks. What causes these |Tectonic stress | |cracks? | | |Which moon is the largest satellite in the solar system? Which |Ganyemede, Jupiter
Introduction One look at the surface of the Moon should convince you that "empty space" is not so empty after all. There is actually a wide range of objects floating between the planets, from tiny particles to asteroids that can be a hundred miles across, debris left behind when the planets were formed. These objects can be perturbed from their orbits (by a close passage by a planet, a passing star, any number of things) and onto paths that cross ours -- or any other planet or moon. When
Describe two ways in which gravity has a part in the life-cycle of a star- Gravity pulls the dust and gas in the nubula together, and compresses them so much that the inside becomes hot enough for fusion reactions to start. Gravity also pulls the remains of a red giant together after fusion reactions have stops. This forms a white dwarf. Theories about the universe- 1. What does red shift tell s about distant galaxies?
(2 points) Mars. B) Cosmic Origin of the Element CLUE: The substance collected has properties indicating that it contains a few different elements. The elements in your sample were formed in a supernova and released into space when the star exploded. Small stars and cosmic rays are not hot enough to form them. Look at the chart below to see which elements are typically formed in supernova and which ones are not.
The nebular hypothesis suggest that: a. all bodies in the solar system formed from an enormous gas cloud. b. Earth’s moon is an asteroid captured by the Earth’s gravity. c. galaxies such as the Milky Way form independent of one another. d. the Earth was formed a cosmic explosion, a “big bang”. e. the moon is derived from a protoplanet.
Chapter 1 • Review the components of our solar system – sun, planets, moons, asteroids, comets and their definitions o Star – a large, glowing ball of gas that generates heat and light through nuclear fusion o Planet – a moderately large object that orbits a star; it shines by reflected light. Planets may be rocky, icy, or gaseous in composition o Moon (Satellite) – an object that orbits a planet o Asteroid – a relatively small and rocky object that orbits a star o Comet – a relatively small and icy object that orbits a star o Solar System – a star and all the material that orbits it, including its planets and their moons o Nebula – an interstellar cloud of gas and/or dust o Galaxy – a great island of stars in space, all held together
How does cosmology differ from astronomy? Cosmetology studies the birth and the possible deaths of the universe where as astronomy studies the actual objects in the universe What is a galaxy? How are galaxies distributed in the universe? A galaxy is a collection of billions of stars and gasses being held together by gravity. Name the different types of galaxies and their distinguishing characteristics.