Russian Revolution -Terms Czar Nicholas II- last Russian czar; clumsy and ineffective leader; bad at decision making; abdicated the throne; July 1918 executed by the Bolsheviks along with his family; tried to hold back cultural changes; Economic developments Encouraged growth of industries by investing national funds Ordered tariffs to protect Russian products from foreign trade Encouraged foreign investment Bloody Sunday-January 22, 1905 massacre in St. Petersburg, Russia; unarmed demonstrators trying to get better working conditions, more personal freedom, and an elected national legislature; provoked a wave of strikes across the country; Imperial Guard open fired when they went to Nicolas’s palace; By October 1905, Czar promised parliament and more freedom Abdicate- to resign as a ruler VI Lenin- founder of Bolshevik party organizer of October Revolution armed workers, soldiers, and sailors stormed Winter Palace (headquarters of provisional government) bloodless Menshevik and Socialist Revolutionary delegates withdrew from Congress Made Russia into a Communist
Erick Romero 10/19/14 2A Explain the origin(s) of the Chinese Civil War, and to what extent was the Communist victory due to the use of guerrilla warfare In the early 20th century, China ran into political turmoil. With the revolution in 1911, in which the last dynasty, the Manchu dynasty was overthrown. The new Republic failed to set hold on China and warlord era would start. But China continued to be oppressed by many foreign powers because it lacked a strong central government. The Chinese Civil War was caused by two opposed political parties, the communists and the nationalists, to see who would be able to restore order and regain central power over China to bring it back to its glory.
The Cry of Dolores marked the beginning of the long and bloody Mexican War of Independence, which would not conclude until 1821. Millions were killed or displaced in this long conflict. During his trial, Hidalgo seemed to understand what he had wrought and recanted his actions, perhaps foreseeing the bloodbath to come. The Cry of Dolores was the spark that ignited the tinderbox of long pent-up resentment of the Spanish in Mexico. Taxes had been raised to pay for fiascoes like the disastrous (for Spain) 1805 Battle of Trafalgar and in 1808 Napoleon invaded Spain, deposed the king and placed his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the throne.
Shir Ali, the son of Dost Mohammad was forced to leave his capital and country. He died in exile in early 1879. The British occupied Kabul just like they did in the First Anglo Afghan war, and a treaty was signed in Gandamak on May 26, 1879. Thus making the British win and triumph. However the British triumph was short lived.
Much of Vietnam's history has been under foreign rule by the Chinese. In 1860 France began its domination and had to regain the former territories in the region. Between 1955 and 1960, the North Vietnamese tried to take over the government in South Vietnam. In 1963 President Diem was overthrown and executed. After this incident they had the drive to take over the whole country.
The Chinese government got really upset so they confronted the British government and this started the Opium war starting in 1899 till 1902. The British didn’t see this as a problem; they crushed the naval forces and in all won the battle. The British had complete control besides the fact that they were corrupting china with opium they also built a colony named Hong Kong. This is a prime example of what I was saying on how the British abused their power. Another major part of European imperialism was the colonization or as I call it the torture of Sudan, in Africa.
The Germans, who continued making territorial gains (marked 2), eventually began aiding the pro-Tsarist White Russian forces, attempting to stem the very revolt they had helped to foster. However the damage to the Russian infrastructure was too great, and the "White" Russians were eventually forced from power by the "Red" Communists. The treaty of Brest-Litovsk was finally concluded with the new Bolshevik government on March 3, 1918, stripping their country of all provinces west of the Ukraine. That treaty was annulled by the Armistice of November 11, and the new government in Moscow eventually re-established its presence in all of the previously held lands. Ironically, one of the lasting actions by the Bolsheviks was the attempted indoctrination of German prisoners-of-war.
The Russo-Japanese war was declared on the 8th of February 1904 in the method of a formal letter from Japan, and continued until the 5th of September 1905, with Russia’s defeat. The war grew out of the conflicting interests between the rival imperialist ambitions of Imperial Russia and Japan, in both Manchuria, China and Korea. Prior to the Russo-Japanese war, an internal battle between China itself and foreign domination was being fought. The economic exploitation of the Chinese by overseas governments occurred rapidly, each nation aiming to increase their ‘sphere of influence’. Throughout the 1800’s, China faced internal strain and international turmoil.
However, by the time of his graduation, Sun believed that whilst the Manchu dynasty still existed, China would remain corrupt and backwards. His experiences abroad shaped his political ideas as at the beginning of the 20th century, the West were advancing and modernising their countries quicker than Sun’s own country of China. He toured Europe and America in hope to raise funds for the “Save China League” and made attempts to start a revolution against the Qing for example, the unsuccessful uprising in Canton, 1895. Sun worked hard travelling around to different countries, gaining more foreign funds and support. Sun Yatsen influenced the Chinese with his Three Principles – Nationalism, Democracy and Socialism and later in 1905; he formed the United League which was a revolutionary
With the fall of the Qing Empire in China came the fall of thousands of years of imperial rule within the conquered nation. Also, with this fall in power, came the rising of the Warlords that ruled China until the Communist Party took control under the reign of Mao Zedong. Following the end of World War I, China was twisted into political mayhem where it seemed that no central government even existed; there were only the warlords. Among the hundreds of warlords, three rose to take significant power within China. Zhang Zoulin ruled over the region known as