The Effects of Globalization

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Globalization is the increase in transactions and interactions with regards to money, goods, persons, cultures, symbols and signs on a global level. This phenomenon is inclusive but not limited to the movement of capital, merchandise, money and culture but knowledge, information and people as well. According to Appadurai, there are five facets of globalization namely; ethnoscapes , technoscapes, ideoscapes, mediascapes and finanscapes (Globalization, Modernization and Cultural effects 9). Brief History of Globalization Historians date back globalization’s roots to ancient India which had already established channels of commerce with other regions. It wasn’t until the second century that the first trade route known as the Silk Road was established by the Chinese and it passed through several nations such as India, Egypt and the city of Rome in Italy. This was followed by establishment of worship centers and the exchange of food crops and domestic animals which led to environmental globalization (History of globalization). International trade via ocean transport took centre stage in the 13th century B.C. In the centuries that followed, trade regulations were put in place as slavery became the main form of cultural globalization in the 16th and 17th centuries. Global economics evolved around political influence and the ability of a nation to acquire tradable products. This led to some nations adopting the protectionist approach for purposes of national development. In mid 18th century capitalism was realized beginning in America and Europe. This was followed by development of democratic governments and the fall of colonialism (History of globalization). Nations engaged in developing trade networks due to resource depletion in their own territories. This led to an increase in export and import trade between the friendly countries. These trade relations required some
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