Also, there was a senate with 300 rich men. In the Republic, people could only serve for one year. This was a law so that one man cannot gain absolute power. However, in the Roman Empire, there was one ruler that had absolute power (like Pharaoh). The Roman Empire spread to between Mesopotamia and England.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF ITALY By Tim Lambert ANCIENT ITALY The Etruscans The first civilisation in Italy was the Etruscan, which arose about 800 BC in central Italy. The Etruscans built cities on a grid pattern. Some these cities still exist (including Arezzo, Chiusi, Cortona, Perugia and Cerveteri). The Etruscans were also engineers who drained marshes and built roads. They were also skilled artists.
In the classical period, Imperial Rome and Han China were both empires, that through many changes, both lasted roughly around 400 years all together before their periods of war and decline had occurred. Both Han China and Imperial Rome shared their ideas of emperors and sole rulers, they also understood the importance of education and technology, yet they differed in their tolerance of religious practices and leadership transitions. The Roman Empire began around 81 B.C.E, as the world’s first true republic. It consisted of a senate, a dictator, and assemblies to represent the plebeian population. However, after the assassination of the first dictator, Julius Caesar, it seemed the republic would not last.
Athens was in fact a democracy and though it gave more freedom to its citizens, there were just too many people to run the government in anyway but chaotic. Athens assembly was composed of over 6,000 male citizens who voted on the laws. Sparta also had an assembly made up of male citizens who voted on the laws. Sparta and Athens both had a council. The major difference being that Athens council of five hundred men were chosen by lottery.
Pallas did this job with such efficiency that Cornelius Scipio proposed before the Senate that he be rewarded. While he occupied a position of power all throughout Claudius’ reign (and gained over 3,000,000 sesterces), it was not until the arrival of Agrippina that he came to particular prominence and overtook Narcissus as the most influential freedman. Background and rise to prominence – Narcissus Tiberius Claudius Narcissus was a freedman who used his position ab epistulis (correspondence secretary) to become a minister of state and became the most powerful of all freedman. He was part of the core of the imperial court throughout the reign of Emperor Claudius where he was in charge of correspondence. It is said that Narcissus was well known due to his extreme wealth of over 400,000,000 sesterces.
Early Roman Empire Vs Alexander the Great At its height the Roman Empire covered over two million square miles, about one fourth of the current United States. The Roman Empire began in the year 330 BC and died out in 1453 AD. Its start was only 7 years before the fall and death of Alexander the Great. Because of the success of Alexander the Great there is no doubt that the Romans took notice of what he did as they plotted their expansion. The Romans derived many of their military tactics from Alexander the Great, but they also incorporated military tactics that were different from Alexander the Great’s strategy.
Octavian was then granted the title of "Augustus" by the Senate[5] and took the title of Princeps or "first citizen". [3] Augustus (as modern scholars usually refer to him from this point) took the official position that he had saved the Republic, and carefully framed his powers within republican constitutional principles. He thus rejected titles that Romans associated with monarchy, such as rex. The dictatorship, a military office in the early Republic typically lasting only for the six-month military campaigning season, had been resurrected and abused first by Sulla in the late 80s BC and then by Julius Caesar in the mid-40s; the title dictator had been formally abolished thereafter. As the adopted heir of Julius Caesar, Augustus had taken Caesar as a component of his name, and handed down the name to his heirs of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
The Spartiates were the military leaders who ruled the barracks. Only these males that served in the military could vote. The Perioeci were the artisans, craftsmen, and merchants. Even though these males were in the army, they could not vote. The helots were serfs that consisted of people that were overtaken by Spartans military victories.
Rome dealt with immigrants and intruders from the north and south. A few of these intruders and immigrants were given citizenships. The political structure for the Romans required two political parties in the Senate to have representatives. The upper class was represented by the patricians, while the lower-class, or everyone who was not a patrician, was represented by the plebeians. Political parties were not used by the government in Greece, but they did believe that if the public officials were elected by popular vote then there was a great possibility that the richest and most famous citizen would be elected.
We will soon see that both of these ancient tactics have various things in common as well as many differences. To better understand these revolutionary war tactics I will compare the difference and similarities between both Roman Legion and Greek Phalanx The main structure of the Greek Phalanx and the Roman Legion was different from one another. The Greek Phalanx was a rectangular shape mass formation, and it consisted of infantry soldiers known as Hoplite. These soldiers were private farmers that owned their own land and were free men. These, were your typical soldiers who went to battle with the Phalanx.