The Dynamics of Carpe Diem in 'Sonnet 18'

460 Words2 Pages
In today’s western society, we are often bombarded with quotes like “live life like it’s your last” or “enjoy life to its fullest” that tells us how to live a happy life. Although they may seem cliché and overused at times, they are all variants of the phrase, carpe diem. The term carpe diem is a Latin phrase commonly translated as “seize the day”, which means life is short and one should live it to the fullest by living life for the pleasures of the moment because death comes for everyone. While it was first coined by the famous Roman poet, Horace, it wasn’t until the beginning of the Renaissance did it begun to emerge as a dominate theme in literature. When the Renaissance first arose from the Middle Ages, a shift in intellectual thinking replaced medieval Scholasticism, which emphasized reasoning, to Humanism. The idea of Humanism not only changed the way people view life, but also how they thought and wrote. As it spread across Europe, humanistic themes such as the perfection of an individual and references to antiquity brought forth a revival in Roman ideas such as Carpe Diem, which was captured in Renaissance literature. The idea of Carpe Diem was a contrast from the domination of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages since it emphasized individuality and the pursuit of pleasure in the physical world instead of achieving it through the afterlife, heaven. Therefore, despite the strong presence of the Catholic Church, Carpe Diem is one of the main themes in Renaissance literature, particularly in the sonnets, plays and poems. In Shakespeare’s famous sonnet 18, the well-known line “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” compares and praises his lover’s beauty to the imagery of summer in twelve lines. Interestingly, this sonnet is not directed towards his wife, Anne Hathaway, whom he didn’t seem to love since he left her his second best bed, but perhaps to
Open Document