Particularly vulnerable groups were the old, who had no means of acquiring money. The young, were dependant on their parents’ financial status and good will, if they were not orphans. Seasonal workers were vulnerable due to the cyclical nature of their employment. Anyone who suffered from illness either long or short term fell into poverty because there were no sickness benefits. Women were another vulnerable group because they were always paid at a lower rate than men.
There were limited privileges: not many people voted, and they were not allowed to do anything to improve their working conditions that were legal. There were other groups affected by the industrial revolution, and this section will discuss five specific groups that were affected by the Industrial Revolution. The first group affected was the immigrants. During parts of the 19th century, there were uncommon limitations on immigration as the mounting numbers of factories offered chances for low-cost employment. Due to the different ethnicities, many immigrants found the transition to American life quite difficult, despite their efforts to ease the transition by assimilation into U.S. society.
Despite the fact that Britain had been a Conservative government before Liberal, the Conservative party was decidedly weak and provided barely any opposition to the Liberals. From 1846 onwards, the conservatives lacked any strong leadership. Peel, the party’s last real leader, was beaten into submission. Despite his speech giving prowess and his determined attitude, his Corn Law policy was seen as a betrayal of the conservative way of thinking and Peel was crushed into resignation. From then on party leaders were erratic and kept changing, meaning there was little stability in the Conservative party, which made them vulnerable to attack.
The number of live births per year increased due to several factors such as children were used to work on farms (source of income) and in those days there was no reliable contraception and little education. The number of people dying was also high but still less in proportion to the birth rates. This was due to poor medical knowledge and poor diet, water and sanitation. More recently the birth rate has decreased and this is due to social, economic, cultural, legal, political and technological factors. A mixture of these factors led to the change in the position of women in society, the increase in equality, especially legally, including the right to vote (legal factor), the increase in educational opportunities (social factor) meant that women chose to educate themselves before starting a family, the increase in work opportunities with laws banning unequal pay and sex discrimination (social/legal factor)and changing attitudes in society meant that it was socially acceptable for women to be employed whereas traditionally the wife would be the housewife and the husband would be the breadwinner and would financially support his family.
Young children could be hired to do the same jobs as adults for much less pay and could often fit into places adults couldn't. Parish apprentices were the most exploited type of child worker (Dunlop, 1912). These were children, who were either orphans or abandoned by their parents, that were under the care of local parishes. Mill owners bought the children from the parishes for the purpose of labor. The mill owners housed and fed the children in lieu of pay.
The president had virtually no authority, and the council spent most of its time arguing and not actually accomplishing any governing. The next problem that Morgan brings to attention is a combination of laziness and the makeup of the population. When the colonists first arrived to Jamestown they functioned as a socialist like community. The colonists farmed as a whole and everyone was given equal portions of the crop, so this was not boost to plant and farm as much as possible. “The work a man did bore no direct relation to his reward.
The education reform did seek to expand democratic ideal but not up to its full potential. William G. McGuffey supported the ideal that all people deserve to get their own education and become more independent thinkers. It was very hard for poor people to afford going to school when the cost to attend school was so high. The poor had to work on getting food on the table at that time not worried on giving their children a public education. In that time education was very limited to everybody but those who were rich.
In economic, both of the Japanese and European feudalism were based on manor system and the manor would be inherited by the eldest son, the land lord and vassal organized their land and fief to a well-function manor. The manor system created a self-sufficient economy, the product produce form the manor can offered the members in the manor to live. The self-sufficient economy was relatively close and the lands were split into small part, the productivity was low and inefficient. Due to the relatively close environment and lack of communication with other region, the technology didn’t improve and the economy development was blocked. In both case, the manor was always inherited by the biggest son, other family need to collect other land by themselves, these action made the capital and land gather in the old royal family and the manor would getting bigger.
When examining differences between any two groups of people, it is important to compare each party’s social structure. Social distinctions boil down to the very character and culture of a society (Pessen 1127). The historian, Edward Pessen, is in this assertion, but his argument that the actual social structures of the North and South should be seen as more similar than different, he is wrong. The Market Revolution brought about social changes in the North that further differed Northern culture from Southern. In the South, the majority of families lived the traditional southern lifestyle of subsistence farming and providing for themselves, giving them a weak link to the market (Holmes, Lecture 9)*.
They had to find a solution to their lack of economy stimulation. The extensive labor required to tend to the plantations and farms, and work in the trade and shipbuilding industry became a major problem. This brought up the place of “indentured servants” who came to the colonies as a house or plantation worker then after five to seven years they would be freed by their masters. During this time race was not the main deciding factor on if you were a servant or not but it was your place in the world and how much money you had that was the deciding factor. This form of workers didn’t always go as planned though because of rebellions, wars, and and many other mishaps.