173 Reflective Journal. Week 1: Aims of the criminal Justice system This week was essentially an introductory topic and provided me with a basic understanding of the aims and operations of the criminal justice system. I learned that there is a number of different steps within the criminal justice system and the involvement of all the parties involved such as police, judge and jury and the defence. According to John Champion the main purpose of the criminal justice system is to process and prosecute individuals who commit crimes against society and to deal out suitable punishments for these individuals. This is a pivotal part in terms of maintain the functioning of society and to ensure that people don’t go around breaking laws wherever and whenever they want.
The process of criminal prosecution begins when a person (usually a police officer) lays information before a court or a justice of the peace. In a large number of very minor offences (such as parking or speeding offences) the first step is the infringement notice. A person may receive a summons, an order to attend court, specifying the alleged offence. It may be served in person or through the mail. An alleged offender may be arrested, charged and fingerprinted.
P1 Outline Current crime and disorder legislation In this assignment I will be talking about the sentencing and orders of unlawful acts and also commenting on the effects crime has on society and the people within communities. The word crime is defined by Wikipedia by, “An action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law”. (https://www.google.co.uk/#q=efintion+of+crime) Another definition of crime, coming from the Oxford dictionary, “An action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law”. (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/crime) Sentencing and orders A sentence is a punishment given by a court, when being sentenced depends on the seriousness of the crime and the court that the case is heard in. most sentences issued are custodial sentences that are spent in Her Majesty’s Prison service.
Victim Services Role of policing: * Detect Crime * Enforce Law * Protect Public * Maintaining Law and Order Specialist Police Functions: * Crime investigation departments (CID) * Murder, Rape, Violence, Paedophilia, Abduction, etc. Role of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS): * The decision to charge somebody is no longer a police responsibility – It is undertaken by CPS. * Police work with CPS in stations Role of the courts: * Oversee criminal trials, in which guilt or non-guilt is decided. * Jury trial, judge acts as an umpire. * Sentence offenders – punishments.
It is their duties to ensure public safety and maintain order. Secondly, are the Courts, which sentences criminals based on evidence gathered by the Police and Lawyers. Thirdly, are Correctional Institutions, which detains or rehabilitates criminals. The graphic illustration below outlines the Criminal Justice System and its key components: Police The first component is the police, which serve as the gate keepers for the Criminal Justice System. The term police originated from the “Latin word politia” which means civil administrations’’.
FEBRUARY 3, 2013 INVESTIGATIVES METHODOLOGY IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE A crime laboratory - often shortened to crime lab - is a scientific laboratory, using primarily forensic science for the purpose of examining evidence from criminal cases. These labs generally use forensic science to examine evidences. After examination, they provide reports and opinion testimony. The testimony and reports are presented before a court of law. In the U.S., crime laboratories are operated both at public and private levels.
Assess the usefulness of official statistics to our understanding of social problems. Illustrate your response with sociological arguments and evidence. To assess the usefulness of official statistics to our understanding of social problems, I will first look at what official statistics are, I will then look at crime and suicide as two examples of social problems. I will look at how both Positivists and Interpretativists use these statistics and how useful each of these sociological approaches find them. Official statistics is the name given to the numbers of crimes reported to or unveiled by the police themselves, which lead to a conviction, caution or are dealt with in some formal way by the law.
Criminal laws also have two written laws that are split up into two different categories. One is substantive criminal law, which explains different crimes and punishments. The other is procedural law, which employs orderliness as to what law to enforce based off of the substantive law. The purpose of criminal law is to create a standard protocol of demeanors. Courts exist only to prosecute the criminals to the full extent of the law.
Government agencies use these reports to document crime and do further research on crime in the nation. After a few years of reporting with the first program created, the UCR or Uniform Crime Reporting Program, another program had evolved from that having the FBI designated to coordinate the latest program, NIBRS or the Nation Incident Based Reporting System. With the UCR you could not differentiate between misdemeanor and felony crimes, so the NIBRS was created to gather more in depth and detailed crime data. The NIBRS collects detailed data on every single crime occurrence. Along with those programs came the NCVS or National Crime Victimization Survey, this survey is a self-reporting survey which victims report their own incidents.
Crime Control Model Comprehensive Exam Whitney Polen CJ 602: Comprehensive Examination Kaplan University July 31, 2014 Dr. Patricia Drown Introduction Crime control and due process, how do these two complement one another, where are the differences, and how do they work in the criminal justice program? The way that crime control and due process differ is that crime control, in certain circumstances, allows law enforcement to be manipulative and deceptive. It is legal for officers to trick offenders by different ruses to get the offender to the station to be questioned. Law enforcement can use varying tactics to arrested, or applying some physical or mental pressure during situation when questioning and trying to enforce calm. Officers can even deceive suspects while being interrogated.