The Concept Of “Honor” In Shakespeare’s King Henry

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The Concept of “Honor” in Shakespeare’s King Henry IV, Part 1 In King Henry IV, Part 1, Shakespeare presents three different concepts of honor through the characters Hotspur, Falstaff, and Prince Henry. Hotspur's obsession with honor and Falstaff's apparent lack of honor serve to show how Prince Henry balances the two extremes and creates his own concept of honor that allows him to become the epitome of a valiant man. Through these contrasting portrayals, Shakespeare expresses his own opinion on what is “honor.” The first glimpse into Hotspur's sense of honor comes from the king in the form of praise, who claims Hotspur to be "the theme of honor’s tongue" (1.1.80). It’s true that Hotspur is committed to honor, but so much so that it takes up all of his energy and thoughts. Throughout the play we see that this commitment ends up being detrimental. The irony of the king’s compliment becomes more and more apparent as the reader begins to see the irrationality in Hotspur's concept of honor. The moments Hotspur shares with Lady Percy demonstrate his intense obsession with honor. His fixation on his chivalric duties make him unable to think of anything other than “… basilisks, of cannon, culverin, / Of prisoners' ransom, and of soldiers slain, / And all the currents of a heady fight” (2.3.53-55). Lady Percy sees that Hotspur's preoccupation prevents him from sleeping, and she begs him to tell her what weighs so heavily on his mind. But Hotspur completely ignores her, and instead begins to speak to a servant that has just passed by about military matters (2.3.64-72). Hotspur's obsession with honor clouds his judgment and he becomes “drunk with choler” (1.3.129). He is so offended by the king refusing to ransom Mortimer that he will not listen to reason. Since he is so focused on doing the “honorable” thing, he ends up leading himself to his own defeat at Shrewsbury
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