There are many beliefs in Orthodox Judaim such as the main belief that the Torah included written law and also Oral Torah, which was given to Moses from God and can in no way be altered. Another many belief is God has made an unbreakable covenant with the children of Israel to follow the Torah. They believe in "Jewish eschatology" which includes a Jewish Messiah and a rebuilt temple, and resurrection of the dead. There is also the belief in the thirteen principles of faith as listed in the "rambam," and believing in Rabbis as interprweters and judges of the Jewish laws. Orthodox Judaism does not have only one movement, instead it has multiple movements which surround its main principles.
The prophet Abrahams was considered the first Jew to establish an agreement with God. The Ancient monotheistic religion believes that Judaism is an ethical way of life. Armed with their fundamental text known as the Hebrew Bible( The Toran), the Jews concentrated on living a moral life. The Jewish people believe that God cannot be made up of three parts because that would constitute as several Gods. The Jewish people do not believe in any prophets after their prophets, and that would include Jesus and Mohammad.
These teachings are parallel to the teachings in the Bible. According to Exodus 20:2, God says, “I am the lord, your God, who brought you out from the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery and thus, you shall have no other gods but Me” (Naqvi 28). The Holy Koran and the Holy Bible also shares some similarities on their teachings about the remembrance of God. They both command their followers to remember God in all phases, try to get closer to Him and submit themselves to His service. According to Quran 2: 112, whoever submits his whole self to Allah and is a doer of good, will get a reward from Allah; on such they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.
The Ontario Consultants (2008) Web site, Messianic Jews believe in the Messiah, the trinity, salvation and sin; which differs greatly from traditional Jews that believe the Messiah has yet to come. Messianic Judaism followers believe in the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit, the virgin birth of Yeshua, his sinless life, his resurrection, his future Second Coming, and his salvation, which makes them Christians not Jews. The History of Messianic Judaism goes back as far as the First Century CE (Ontario Consultants, 2008). In the First Century, there were numerous sects of Judaism; Pharisees, Sadducees, Zealots, Boethusians, Essenes, and the list could go on and on. The First Christians were called Nazarenes, which were Jews that listened to the message that Yeshua of Nazareth was teaching and began to follow his word.
These 13 principles are only one God, God Exist, God is incorporeal, God is Eternal, praying to only one God, Prophets words are true, the greatest Prophet was Moses and his Prophecies are true, the Torah was given to Moses, no other form of Torah, God knows every thought, God punishes the bad and rewards the good, the Messiah (Jesus) will come, and that the dead will be resurrected. The Testimony of Faith believes there is no other deity but Allah. It is explained in the “Shahada” which explains how God is the only power and nothing in between. This is the most important pillar. Jews believe that also God is the only higher power and that nothing is between God for them to worship.
Judaism and Christianity are linked to each other with a kinship that transcends all their differences. Christianity arose in the Jewish household of faith, and its basic teachings clearly reflect the influence of its family origin. The Jewish heroes of faith from Abraham through the prophets, are also deemed as the pioneers of Christian faith; the basic teachings of Judaism concerning God and man were adopted by Christianity into its own doctrinal structure. As we look at the Jewish and the Christian faiths, both of which trace their origins back past Abraham and Moses, to the original stories of Genesis and the Garden of Eden, we notice basic similarities and major differences between the two religions. This paper will attempt to highlight those similarities and differences, illustrating major points in each religion and contrasting them, in order to come to a higher understanding of each religion and their relationship to each other.
“What do the Ten Commandments say about Jewish (and Christian and Muslim) beliefs in the powers of God?” The Ten Commandments demonstrate that Jewish, Christian and Muslim beliefs are similar in that God’s powers are that God’s powers are exceptional because there is only one God to be worshiped and he is the most powerful god for creating Earth itself. In adhering to the Ten Commandments, Jews, Christians and Muslims are surrendering to God’s supreme power and in turn, shall benefit in the afterlife. The Jewish, Christian and Muslim religions are all monotheistic and therefore they worship only one god. In these three religions, God is the only god that can be praised and worshiped according to the Ten Commandments. This is evident in Exodus, the First Commandment is, “I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt […]” From this statement, God is declaring his almighty power and complete authority over his followers.
When talking about the roots of the Christian Zionist movement, Anderson places a great emphasis on the Bible. He says that the territory of Palestine (now Israel) is thought (by Jews and many Christians) to be a “promised land”. According to the Bible, Jews inhabited the land a long time ago, and God in a certain way “granted” that land to them; somehow, as time passed, many other peoples, including the Palestinians, were occupying the territory. Anderson even provides paragraphs from the Genesis, in which God promises the land to Abraham and his descendents. Biblical critics argue that the story, told in the Bible, should not be taken literally.
The election of Israel as God’s chosen people and first receiver of his grace underlies even Paul’s most emphatic appeal to the righteous nature of the Gentile; his position is clearly that while the Gentile may indeed be offered a place in the scheme of divine favour (a theme deeply rooted in the Masoretic Scriptures) the privilege of Israel remains undiminished. In this context it should be understood that while Paul asserts that “οὐ γάρ ἐστιν προσωπολημψία παρὰ τῷ θεῷ”, he clearly understands the respective grace and wrath of God to be applied to Jews and Gentiles in a fashion relative to their position in the divine scheme, i.e. first for the Jew, then for the Gentile. On this point one recalls the discussion made by scholars such as Grindheim regarding the tension inherent in Paul’s theology and the sense of conflict which lends the text of Romans much of its direction: the gospel is to the Jew first, yet God is not only God of the Jews, “Paul insists that the advantage of the Jew is great (3:1-2) and yet there is no distinction (3:22)”. This theological tension over the notion of elevation is one which reaches back to the days of the
The focus in pagan religion existed primarily in the present life and not on death. Most of the religions when Christ was born were polytheistic; the religion of Jesus’ parents was Judaism. Jews are monotheistic with their beliefs, much like Christians which implemented the worship of one solitary god. In early Christian times we see many holy people such as the ascetics including Anthony and “men, whose lives figure in “The Lives of Desert Fathers”(Final examination sheet), fitting into the context of early Christian religion. These Christians had a complex variety of religious beliefs and customs which great shifts today in perspective and religious attitudes of these holy people have arisen since the time of late antiquity.