The lack of education leads to further development of barriers such as a financial barrier and poor lifestyle that makes them unable to provide for themselves and their child. Most jobs that do not require a high school diploma only offer a minimum wage and do not offer adequate benefits to meet all medical needs. “key indicators of health, infant mortality rates and low-birth weight rates, were elevated when infants were born to mothers who were less educated” (Flores et al,1998). Considering that statement I believe that the biggest barrier affecting this vulnerable population’s health is education. Vulnerable mothers that do not finish getting their education become discouraged and loose the motivation and drive to tackle the oncoming challenges that life brings, creating for them another barrier on the micro level; it being a financial barrier.
Welfare Reforms The dream of most women is to have the traditional family, which includes a husband and their children. There are more single mothers in this day and age that face more challenges on the way to achieving the American Dream. They find it hard to provide financially even working a full-time job because the pay is normally minimum wage and most still rely on public assistance to make ends meet. Some single mothers lack education and work experience, which prevents them from obtaining a decent paying job. Budget cuts to welfare programs are making it that much harder for the single mother to provide the necessities for their children because these supplemental programs are necessary to the day to day workings of a family.
As shown in Source E, the people with more income are for getting rid of the penny, while the more poor people are against the abolishment. This is probably because the more upper class people do not have to pay for simple things with the pennies they find on the streets. Poorer people who make less than $25,000 a year obviously don’t have good jobs, probably not full coverage health insurance, and a lot of the time, have more children to take care of. Due to the insurance they have, their prescriptions and doctor co pays are very expensive. Penny pinching may be these deprived people’s only option in paying bills.
Children growing up in poverty face many disadvantages such as unhealthy levels of stress making it near impossible to successfully complete college, thus making it harder to escape their surroundings. The poverty rates in some European countries are much lower than in the United States because of programs they have put into place to help the poor and unlucky, leading one to think the government should once again re-declare the war on poverty. Krugman’s article not only shows percentages he also lets his readers know what the findings were from scientific studies. Living in the conditions of poverty is stressful for anyone, much less children. I see the effects that poverty has on many people every day, and always think one day that could be me.
One of the key indicators to inequalities is poor income. (Germov, 2009, p. 87). Working class children are more likely to die in their first year of life and adults more likely to have prolonged illness due to lack of income to pay for medical attention and the harsh living environment. The risk of divorce is higher for the working class also a very low rate of working glass people further their education. Ethnicity and Gender come into this as ethnic people are also considered working class and transgender, gays etc.
Teenage childbearing is associated with adverse consequences for young mothers and their children, many of which can be attributed to the economically and socially disadvantaged situations in which most adolescent mothers live before becoming pregnant. Often, the disadvantaged backgrounds of young women contribute to poor school performance, weak social skills and low earnings potential, and also increase the likelihood that a young woman will become pregnant as a teen. Teenage childbearing tends to exacerbate the problems of poverty and family instability many young women already face. Early childbearing contributes to lower levels of educational attainment for the adolescent mother and her child, high rates of single parenthood, larger family sizes and increased reliance on public assistance. Connections like these too often are overlooked in efforts to prevent teen pregnancy.
A woman working in the same job as a man will usually earn less, despite the fact that she may have the same or better training, education, and skills required for the job ("Study Shows Female Managers in Britain Earn Less than Men, and Equality Could Be 57 Years Away." 2010). Women are consistently discriminated against in the workplace. Women only make 60 percent or less than their male counterparts in the same job position (Louis, 2010). Throughout history men are seen as the “strong/tough ones”; the belief is that they should be paid more than women in order to support their families (Loney, 2005).
She doesn't believe that the 50's should be taken 'literally' because from the 50's there were changes in values that caused racism and sexism discrimination against women. Many of the existing social problems could have been avoided or ignored. Racial conflict was intense in many places, but many suburbs were exclusively white. The poverty rate was higher than today, but at least it was falling. Teenagers had more babies than they do now, but access to good jobs-even with only a high school education-enabled young men to marry their pregnant girlfriends.
Causes and effects of Poverty A starting point for causing poverty can be as simple as early age pregnancies. It is always said ‘Teenage pregnancy generally leads to being in poverty for the majority of your life’, but why is this? Having a baby in your teen years can create unnecessary stress, this could lead to being distracted from school work or even worse, dropping out of school all together. This would leave you with no real qualifications and in the current economic situation the chances are that you will become one of growing number of unemployed young adults. At this point, money will most likely become the main objective.
To some this may seem like basic knowledge, but others, who don't have access to this information, need to understand how it woks. They need to know the consequences of having a baby. The fact is 90% of teen parents live in poverty and the majority of teen couples who have babies do not stay together. There are many risks for the baby's health that result from teen births. It is very expensive to have a child and the parents need to be aware.