Unit 1 – Child and Young Person Development 1.1.1.2 There are 3 stages of development in children which are Physical, Communication and Intellect and Social, emotional and behavioural. 0-3 Years – Physical development in this age group is accelerated. In the first year a baby will go from having very little control over their bodies to having some mobility such as crawling and rolling. Their movements at this stage are mainly focused on sucking and grasping. In a babies second year a babies physical development will continue and develop quickly.
There is an expected pattern for children to develop from birth to 19 years, however it is important to realise that every child is different. The expected milestones are based on what most children will be capable of by age. Children’s development happens in step changes, they have large “jumps” then plateau, and so on. In all areas of a child’s development children start by learning through trial and error i.e. : poking and fiddling.
1. Know the main stages of child and young person development. 2.1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years, to include: Physical, Fine and Gross Development 0-3 yrs – During the first years of development babies have little control over their movement and use reflexes to manage in day to day actives. When they reach the age of one they learn to have more control over their bodies allowing them to learn new skills such as: Crawling and rolling, in between the ages of one and two they are developing quickly and are able to control their movement a lot better enabling them to clap their hands, pointing, picking up small objects, getting themselves ready. They will also will be able to enjoy certain activities for example, going to the park and attempting climbing frames or going down the slide.
From birth through to adulthood children continually grow, develop, and learn. A child’s development can be measured through social, emotional, intellectual, physical and language developmental milestones. In general, child development progresses from head to toe. Beginning at the top of the body and gradually moving downwards from inner to outer. Firstly gaining control of muscles close to the head and then moving outwards so the large muscles in the shoulders and upper arms/thighs are first and the extremities last from simple to complex; children progress from simple words to complex sentences from general to specific; emotional responses involve the whole body in young babies but may involve only the face in an older child It is important to understand how children develop physically, socially, emotionally and intellectually and to know that all areas of development
Physical Development: From birth a baby will start its development journey. At first a baby will lay on their back, then start lifting their head and kicking and will become fascinated by their own fingers and hand movements. By six months old, a baby can grasp objects, transfer them from hand to hand and as their head control is much improved, it becomes inevitable that with any object held, an attempt to put it in their mouth will be made. Mobility starts around the 9 month stage, starting off as rolling then progressing to shuffling, crawling, then finally attempts at walking unaided at 12 months. Every child is different and some children can go from shuffling to walking attempts, missing a big milestone such as crawling.
Assignment 1 Summarise the main development of a child from the age range 0-2, 3-5, 5-8 years During pregnancy and from birth, right through to early adulthood, children grow and develop in various stages and in various ways. Every child is unique and individual and will develop at his own rate. Development stages for children are measured by realistic milestones in the form of functional skill sets that children can achieve at specific ages. The age ranges are used to help check how a child is developing although the actual age that a child, who is developing normally, reaches those set of tasks is broad ranging in each case. There are 5 stages that typical development is measured in from new-born to 8 years old.
E1- Describe the development of children in a selected age range and in 2 areas of development. Physical Development: Physical development is important for 3 reasons Allows new learning to take place Allows further development-build on skills already perfected Enhances confidence/self esteem 0-6 months Babies learn how to control their muscles and movements. Baby’s development of fine motor skills can be watches hands and plays with fingers, clasps and unclasps hands and can hold a rattle for a moment. Its development of gross motor skills are, lifts head and chest up and waves arms and brings hands together over body. By one month, a baby can turns its head from side to side when lying on the back or belly, and can move its hands and arms.
The first stage that began is called the sensory-motor period which starts from 0 – 18 months. This is when the children develop movement how to touch, shake, taste and throw things. These are the basic elements they learn to carry them during life. This is the development of object permanence is one of the most important stages for the development of sensory-motor period. Object permanence is a child's understanding that objects continue to exist even though they cannot be seen or heard.
Pg139). Motor development in babies generally starts from head to toe; however, the time at which a baby learns to control his muscles varies from one baby to another. In the following paragraphs I will describe how babies generally learn to gain more control over their movements during their first two year. Throughout infancy newborns develop certain senses such as odor, tastes, sounds, and some visual configuration. For example, at birth typically a child’s vision is 20/600 and will not reach 20/20 until age two.
1.2 Explain the different between sequence of development and rate of development and why the difference is important : Sequence of development is a developing process resulting in children and young people's growth and development, knowledge and behaviour skills in order for them to develop which results in children and young people growing physically and reaching age appropriate milestones for example birth to 4 months the typical sequence of motor development begins with a 4 month infant raising their head and chest, sitting up with adult support, rolling over and batting objects placed in front of them. 4 to 8 months infants begin to gain control of their head and arm movements and begin to sit up alone. 8 to 12 months infants begin to reach for and grasp objects, being to creep up stairs and stand up holding on furniture. The Pincer grasp has evolved which allows a child to pick up objects bringing together their thumb and index finger. 12 to 24 months Toddlers begin to creep up stairs, stand alone for a few seconds and begin to walk alone or begin to run, draw on paper and kick a ball and 24 to 36 months Children can use crayons, begin to ride a tricycle and jump off a step.