Taste and Smell

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The relationship between taste and smell. Smell and taste are related to each other. They classified as visceral senses because of their close association with gastro-intestinal function. The receptors of taste and smell are chemoreceptors. The chemoreceptors of taste is stimulated by saliva in the mouth and smell is by mucus in the mouth. Odor form a food enter the nasal cavity at the same time as the taste buds are stimulated by food. So the flavor of food is referring to the overall perception that result from both taste and smell. 75% of what we perceive as taste is actually because of smell. When we have a stuffed nose from a cold, usually we cannot smell and taste anything. This is because of the odor molecules cannot meet up with the sensory receptors in the nose and transmit that information to the brain. Description of blind spot or optic disc. The small area of retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is known as the optic disc (blind spot).it has no light- sensitive cells. There are no receptors in this part of the retina. This is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells comes together. The disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina. The afterimage. Afterimage is an optical illusion that refers to an image continuing to appear in one’s vision after the exposure to the original image. In other words visual illusion in which retinal impression persists after the removal of a stimulus. The most common afterimage is seeing dark spots after looking at a bright light. There are two types of afterimages, Positive afterimages and negative afterimages. In a positive afterimage the colors of the original image are maintained while in a negative afterimage the colors are inverted from the original image. Relationship between hearing and balance. Hearing and balance are functions of the ear. The outer ear,

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