Sugar Industry Essay

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1.0 INTRODUCTION Industrial sugarcane farming was introduced in Kenya in 1902. The first sugarcane factory was setup at Miwani 10 km north of Kisumu town in 1922 and later Ramisi in the Coast Province in 1927. After independence, the Government explicitly expanded its vision of the role and importance of the sugar industry as set out in Sessional Paper No 10 of 1965 which sought, inter alia, to: • • • • Accelerate socio-economic development Redress regional economic imbalances Promote indigenous entrepreneurship Promote foreign investment through joint ventures In pursuit of the above goals, the Government established five additional factories in the 1960s and1970s: Muhoroni (1966), Chemelil (1968), Mumias (1973), Nzoia (1978), and South Nyanza (1979). Later, several more were to come on stream: West Kenya (1981), Sony Sugar Factory (2006) and Kibos Sugar & Allied Industries (2007), bringing the total number of milling companies to ten. The two older factories ceased operations: Ramisi sugar factory collapsed in 1988 and Miwani sugar factory was put under receivership. 1.1. WHY SUGAR IS IMPORTANT IN KENYAN ECONOMY The Kenyan sugarcane industry is a major employer and contributor to the national economy. It is one of the most important crops alongside tea, coffee, horticulture and maize. Currently, the industry directly supports approximately 250,000 small-scale farmers who supply over 92 percent of the cane milled by the sugar companies. An estimated six million Kenyans derive their livelihoods directly or indirectly from the industry. In 2008, the industry employed about 500,000 people directly or indirectly in the sugarcane business chain from production to consumption. In addition, the industry saves Kenya in excess of $250 million in foreign exchange annually and contributes tax revenues to the exchequer (VAT, Corporate Tax, personal income taxes, cess). In

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