This may seem to be an easy task, but once attempted it was made obvious that it takes much longer for the brain to process the fact that it has to say the color of the letters versus the actual word. Words take much less time to process than colors, which would explain why it took a longer amount of time to say the actual color of the text. Naming colors also requires a lot more attention than reading words. This would also be a reason as to why saying the color of the text might take longer. In order to see the difference between nameing colors with matching words and colors to nameing non-matching words and colors, we did three trials of each with five different test subjects and found the average of both tests.
The experiment produces the primary effect, where many words are recalled from the beginning of the list, and the recency effect, where many words are also recalled from the end of the list, but not so many from the middle. This study also shows that there are separate short term and long term memory stores since the primary effect occurs because the words at the beginning of the list have been rehearsed, and so are transferred into the long term memory store. However, whilst this is going on, less attention is paid to the middle words and they tend to be lost unless they have some special significance to the individual. The words at the end of the list are well recalled because they are still fresh in the memory system unless there is a distractor task which causes this information to be lost through interference, displacement, or decay. This evidence can be seen as reliable since it was scientific, conducted in a laboratory, and produced quantative data that makes it easy to summarise and compare with other data.
Outline and Evaluate the Working Memory Model The working memory model (WM) explains why we can do two different tasks at the same time, but not two similar tasks. It replaced the idea of a unitary short term memory (STM) In the working memory model information is passed from STM to the central executive and this decides if the information is visual or auditaory. Information is then passed to the corrersponding store. The central executive is a key componant of the WM. It directs information from STM to one of the "slave systems" It also has a very limited capacity and duration so can't attend to too many things at once.
The superior recall of items at the start of the list is called the primary effect, whilst the superior recall of the items at the end of the list is called the recency effect. This is good evidence for the multi-store model of memory because it shows the difference between the STM and the LTM. Rundus & Atkinson (1970) Rundus and Atkinson asked participants to rehearse out loud the list they were given (similar to Murdock's experiment). Tape recordings showed that words from the beginning of the list were more likely to be rehearsed than later ones. Because of the limited capacity of the STM, words from the middle of the list are thought to be lost completely or unavailable for recall.
The Stroop Effect is a test that demonstrates interference in task reaction time. The Stroop Test affects our cognitive ability by presenting words that name colors, but then printing those names in a color different from the one being named. For example, when the name of a color (e.g. “green”, “yellow”, or “blue”) is printed in a color not represented by the name (e.g., the word “yellow” is printed in red ink instead of yellow ink), naming the color of the word takes longer and is more prone to errors than when the color of the ink matches the name of the color. When asked to read these words aloud, a mental conflict occurs between the task of reading the word and identifying the color and requires more mental effort to perform the task.
Some new development in psychoanalysis shows that shorter psychodynamic therapies provide quicker improvements and becomes more affordable. The second method of psychoanalysis is known as free association. By the use of this method, clients are encouraged to announce any random thoughts in their heads, without editing or censorship. The idea is that uncensored will reveal underlying problems or conflicts, then the analysis is able to interpret the patterns of association, by their words and behaviour - uprooting any underlying thoughts in the client. On the other hand, it may not always be easy to evaluate psychoanalysis scientifically, due the fact that some concepts, for instance insight and repression is difficult to measure.
The process of reading words and naming colour words may interfere with each other and the Stroop effect can test that. This relates back to the cognitive processes: controlled and automatic. Processes that require attention from the individual, voluntary and are usually slow are controlled. Automatic processes are involuntary and usually fast. The theory also says that capacity limitation was unaffected, which means that at the same time, other performances would not be affected.
Also, whether primacy effects would be reduced, or non-existent in people that are highly motivated to think, compared to those that are not. After rationalising all previous research it was therefore hypothesised
The team should be well organised to conduct JAD session. The number of JAD session is less than the interview session. The overall time required for gathering requirements is less for JAD session. Questionnaires: This technique follows a set of questions with all possible answers. It is just like a survey.
The methods which will be used in this case include the interview schedule. The whole process takes little amount of the researcher time as it took 2days. CONCLUSION FROM THE PILOT STUDY LIMITATIONS First and foremost, any research is faced with a challenge of imperfection. However data collection, analysis and presentation may be accurate, there always exist measures of tendency in which deviations are expected to occur. This research is limited in such consideration.