However, a weakness of Elkins findings is that just because PIT is as effective of CBT, does it make it an effective treatment? This is a weakness because CBT may not be effective in the first place, making them both equally as ineffective. Therefore we must be cautious in trusting this therapy of depression as it may be used based on those findings even though it potentially could be very ineffective. This could lead to very serious consequences which could be dangerous for the
Anti depressants such as MAOI’s which increase the available amount of nor adrenaline in the brain, were found to be effective for elevating the symptoms of depression. So when noradrenalin is increased in the brain, symptoms of depression get better, suggests that it is chemicals that are the root cause of depression. This idea is also found in the results of taking reserpine, a drug used to treat high blood pressure. Depression is a unwanted side effect of this drug, as this drug acts by lowering levels of nor adrenaline. So again strongly suggests that low activity noradrenaline, is a factor contributing to the cause of depression.
A Reflection on the Main Arguments in Regards to Methadone Maintenance Therapy Abstract The adoption of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in order to aid patient recovery from opioid dependence is surrounded by contrasting arguments. Issues arise regarding whether MMT’s benefits, such as decreased heroin use and improved quality of life, outweigh its risks, such as its association with cognitive impairment and mortality. Alternative treatment methods exist which have been proven to be just as effective in the treatment of opioid dependence, such as buprenorphine. However it is known to be more expensive. From assessing the key arguments and research regarding the positives and negatives of MMT, it is evident that MMT is good for some patients, but perhaps not as good for others.
This drugs effects are similar to but more rapid than those of amphetamines. Additionally the effects of cocaine are short-lived, which may help explain why this drug is especially addictive both psychologically and physiologically. Dopamine transporters are responsible for removing dopamine molecules from the synaptic cleft after they have done their job. Cocaine blocks thee transporters, leaving dopamine trapped in the synaptic cleft. As a result, dopamine binds again and again to the receptors overstimulation the cell.
* Depressants slow down the central nervous system and can reduce anxiety or emotional distress., examples include cannabis and barbiturates. * Opiates provide pain relief, induce euphoria, sedation and can lead to coma, examples include heroin, opium, methadone and morphine. * Hallucinogens induce an altered state of consciousness and effect perception of reality, examples include LSD and mushrooms. Prescription drugs containing opoids, benzodiazipines (which are depressants of the central nervous system) or stimulants can be misused when taken for reasons other than those they were prescribed for. Prescription drugs can cause sedation, altered state of consciousness, depressed respiration and changes in blood pressure.
Effects of nicotine. Nicotine changes how your brain and your body function. The net results are somewhat of a paradox: Nicotine can both invigorate and relax a smoker, depending on how much and how often they smoke. This biphasic effect is not uncommon. Although the actions of nicotine and ethanol in the body are quite different, you also see dose-dependent effects when you drink alcoholic beverages.
This group of drugs includes cocaine, methamphetamine, as well s nicotine. Though amphetamine does have some positive effects, including, a stimulation of cognitive activity and control of impulses, the greater effects are much ore detrimental. Due to is relative simplicity of manufacturing and overwhelming abundance; methamphetamine use is a plague on America. I personally have seen people deteriorate before my eyes due to methamphetamine use. Cocaine is another stimulant that often leads to dependence in users.
It leaves the patient fairly lethargic, and sometimes can even heighten the original symptoms. These medications almost seem to sedate the patient rather than treat them. Although medical professionals tend to rely on these, stating their effectiveness, I beg to differ. I do not feel that rendering a patient almost emotionless would be a preferred treatment. It seems to me as though these medications are used as a last-ditch
Some of the most important components a victim needs and desires are to feel safe, to have support and most importantly to have a voice. Through Restorative justice victims’ are empowered to participate effectively in conversation or some sort of meditation with offenders. With this in place, it allows the victims to take hands on role in directing the type of meeting that takes place, as well as defining the responsibilities and obligations of offenders. “Offenders are likewise encouraged to participate in this exchange, to understand the harm they have caused to victims, and to take active responsibility for it. This means making efforts on their parts to set things right, to make amends for their violations, by committing to certain obligations, that
Methamphetamine, like other drugs, is able to short-circuit the survival system by artificially stimulating pleasure areas in your brain. As this happens, it leads to increase confidence in meth, and less confidence in normal life routines. Usually when this occurs the addict will be more interested in meth related activities, meth related people, and meth related environments. Withdrawals of Meth Use: Fact or Fiction? Much to contrary belief meth users do suffer from withdraws as well as any other drug addict would.