Spoken Language Terminology

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GCSE Controlled Assessment Features of Spoken Language Glossary This is a brief summary of the features of spoken language as used in the GCSE Controlled Assessment. Common transcripts used are: Interviews with the same person in different contexts - e.g. David Cameron interviewed about government policy between 7pm and 8pm, vs an interview at 10am where he talks about his family. Sports commentators - male commentators vs female, where it is highly spontaneous, and descriptive/analytical but usually lacks conversational features. Male/female cookery show presenters - where the talk is likely to be pre-scripted, edited and definitely not spontaneous/conversational. Totally spontaneous conversation between teens and their peers vs teens and their parents. Glossary: Technical Terms to Learn Pragmatics is the context of the message – e.g. age of participants, relative status, locations, job, hobbies etc. Prosodic features – elements of spoken NOT written language, e.g. sounds like: grr, urr (eurgh), er, mmm Idiolect – the distinctive way that an individual speaks (can be conveyed through styles used), ‘tone of voice’ Standard English vs Slang – slang is informal, colloquial words or phrases ‘wicked’ (good) or dialect ‘yarling’ northern dialect for ‘wailing’ (from Old Norse – as spoken by the Vikings), like Cockney rhyming slang. Received pronunciation is ‘standard’ or ‘posh’ English. Jargon: any technical terms belonging to a group (teacher>student, religious people, military, car mechanic etc), e.g. ‘emotive language’ is a technical term – jargon – teachers use with students, but other people might not understand. It allows precise reference to a specialist idea/item. It is also part of shared assumptions. Acronyms - abbreviations, e.g. NHS, or IT. Colloquial - close to slang, where people use less formal or proverbial expression: ‘mum’ ‘dad’
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