Hammurabi Code vs. Today’s Laws (the Bill of rights) Over the time, different Empires or Governments used different documents to insure peace and justice. And these documents are part of what make the civilizations. Without them, there would be no law or code to say what can, and cannot be done. Hammurabi’s Law Code is an example of one of those documents. It is actually one of the first documents of its kind, and also it is one of the foundations documents in today’s societies.
Therefore, parliament is still sovereign because it can make or unmake any law it wishes. The second element of parliamentary sovereignty is legislative supremacy. In many liberal democracies, a constitutional court, eg, the Supreme Court in the US, has the power to declare
It is through laws that policies of government are laid down for implementation. It does however have many constitutional roles to fulfil such as the power of the purse, oversight, foreign policy and legislation. It can be argues that Congress does fulfil its constitutional roles as it may deliver effective over sighting, legislation, money bills, representation and foreign policy that may provide good checks and balances. However, most would argue that Congress may not carry its roles effectively thus leading to poor scrutiny (sometimes over scrutinising) which leads to ineffective fulfilment of constitutional roles. The principle organ of the US state is to legislate, represent and scrutinise the other, safely separated, branches of the government.
Describe criminal prosecution and civil remedies for constitutional rights violations. ● Police can be held criminally liable, as well. For instance, both state and federal law enforcement officers can be held criminally liable for violating certain federal laws. Officers are also bound by the criminal law at the state level. They may, of course, be permitted to engage in certain authorized conduct that would be a crime if committed by regular citizens (such as the use of deadly force in appropriate circumstances).
Appellate courts help decide how police officers do their jobs. Courts oversee the operations of the criminal justice. Courts get involved once a particular matter comes to the attention of an appellate court, and only then if the decision is publicized. Lower courts don’t always publish their decisions, so this limits the oversight function. (Siegel, Schmalleger, & Worrall,
The general liberty of the people must not be in danger especially of the government power. Therefore, the judicial review plays one of the most important roles among the government even though their power might seem weak as Alexander Hamilton says. Judicial review as way of surveillance over legislature and executive branch and as protection of the people from political threats is the main factors for the necessity in the checks and balances system. Moreover, the importance of the judicial review can be proved by the fact that the judicial review establishing the
Council passes new by-laws and amends or repeals existing by-laws, as required (City of Brampton, 2012). City Council wards are clearly demarcated and represented by councillors at the municipal (City Council) level. These councillors enact by-laws and fight for the interests of the wards they represent. For the purposes of administrative convenience and safety of the students, school boundaries are established to serve communities within its encatchment areas. Also, there are judicial boundaries in the sense that any crime committed in one jurisdiction, even though a person lives in another, has to be tried in that area where the crime was committed.
With countries having their own set of laws some different in every country and to their cultures. Some have the death penalty and some have fines, it just depends on what went on in the situation. The Code of Hammurabi was the first known set of laws in 1780 BC and the second known set of laws were the Roman Twelve Tables in 450 BC. These laws were created in the Mesopotamian era, and they were most successful. These laws are what we have used to create the laws today, without having the Code of Hammurabi and The Roman Twelve Tables; the rules today could have been completely different.
Or should I say the unlimited power that is given. The government has set limitations to what they could tax and how much, however two of these limits were open to interpretation: providing for common defense and general welfare. The government becomes its own judge and jury while establishing these criteria, because the budget for common defense is set by the government, as well as the standard for what the general welfare is. As the Constitution says all laws set by the government become "supreme law of the land". The language used in itself is that of a monarchy and did not sit well with
There are differences that exist between the government and the local authorities. Government officials at the federal level such as the FBI, DEA, and many others can look into crimes on anyone in the United States. Where a state trooper can only take care of their own state and a local authority can only deal with their own city. At the federal level, Congress decides on tax cuts and how things will operate throughout the United States. At times the government even sets laws that local and county officers must abide by and apply them equally to everyone even though they may not agree with them.