Sociological Perspectives Essay

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There are three major theoretical perspectives in Sociology (Schaefer, 13). These perspectives are called functionalist perspective, conflict perspective, and interactionist perspective (Schaefer, 13, 14, 15). The functionalist perspective is when individuals have a role in the society (Schaefer, 13). The parts of society help keep society stable (Schaefer, 13). This type of perspective was influenced by Émile Durkheim (Schaefer, 13). Another person who played a significant part in the development of this theory was Talcott Parsons (Schaefer, 13). Each individual makes a small part of society a whole (Schaefer, 13). For example, in India, many Indians worship the cow, which is functional in their society (Schaefer, 14). The price of beef is low in India because not many demand it, but the Dalit sometimes eat it in secrecy (Schaefer, 14). The second major theoretical perspective is the conflict perspective. This perspective was introduced by Karl Marx (Schaefer, 14). Another significant contributor to this perspective was Ida Wells-Barnett (Schaefer, 15). The conflict perspective is when social behavior is represented from groups (Schaefer, 14). These types of groups could include housing, money, access to services, etc. (Schaefer, 14). These types of interaction in the conflict perspective could be labor negotiation, political parties, or about the federal budget (Schaefer, 14). The third major theoretical perspective is the interactionist perspective. It is also called interactionism or symbolic interactionism (Schaefer, 16). This perspective was first introduced to Sociology from George Herbert Mead. (Schaefer, 16). This type of perspective talks about how people regularly interact every day (Schaefer, 15). For example, a salute means respect and a clenched fist means defiance (Schaefer, 16). These are all types of symbolic interaction (Schaefer, 16).

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