Socialisation in Adolescence

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Socialisation refers to the way young people learn to become members of society accepting the social norms and behaviour Closed ended questions are questions that require a yes or no answer Do you get on well with your boss? Closed ended questions can be analysed easier. Every answer can be given a number or value so that a statistical interpretation can be assessed. An Open ended question allows the person to go into a more detailed answer Tell me about your relationship with your boss. Open ended question allow us to gain more information from the person answering it. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham H. Maslow felt as though conditioning theories did not adequately acapture the complexity of human behaviour. In a 1943 paper called A Theory of Human Motivation, Maslow presented the idea that human actions are directed toward goal attainment. Any given behavior could satisfy several functions at the same time; for instance, going to a pub could satisfy one’s needs for self-esteem and for social interaction. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs has often been represented in a hierarchial pyramid with five levels. The four levels (lower-order needs) are considered physiological needs, while the top level is considered growth needs. The lower level needs need to be satisfied before higher-order needs can influence behaviour. The levels are as follows (see pyramid in Figure 1 below). • Self-actualization – morality, creativity, problem solving, etc. • Esteem – includes confidence, self-esteem, achievement, respect, etc. • Belongingness – includes love, friendship, intimacy, family, etc. • Safety – includes security of environment, employment, resources, health, property, etc. • Physiological – includes air, food, water, sex, sleep, other factors towards homeostasis, etc. Is adolescence universal in all cultures? Adolescence is the stage that generally occurs

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