Crusades effected the English people politically, economically, and by exposing the Englishmen to new cultures. The Crusades had a significant influence in Europe in general, not just English people. At the time, the continent was united under a powerful Pope, but by the end of the 14th century, centralized bureaucracies (which have been defined as the foundation of the modern nation state) was flourishing in England, France, Spain, and other countries, due to the tyrannical dominance of the church during the Crusades. The Crusader society in the Kingdom of Jerusalem was also characterized by a culture of innovation, including political structures, governance, and taxation. The need to raise, transport, and supply the large armies led to a flourishing of trade throughout Europe.
For instance, “the sale of indulgences for the benefit of the church of Rome specifically for the rebuilding of St. Peters Cathedral provoked harsh criticism, especially by those who saw the luxuries of the papacy as a betrayal of apostolic ideals ” (Fiero 119). Martin Luther stated a list of objections, called the Ninety-Five Theses, against the Roman Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation changed the course of Western civilization for the long term which led to the impact on the arts using Northern Renaissance art, music and literature. Protestant reformers made two new printmaking processes, which were woodcut and engraving. Compared to the too expensive hand-illuminated manuscripts, books with printed pictures became an inexpensive option for all (Fiero 127).
Peasants were captive to their lords, essentially forced into servitude without wages. Through the worst conditions, a constant source of comfort was the Church and it's promise of a better life in Heaven. As it grew in power and riches, the Catholic Church became a political power, and peasants began to fear the church instead of worshiping the God, through the life of Jesus Christ, that it represented. In the political climate, protest was difficult. Anyone that was considered a threat to the power of the Church were often executed or exiled.
Revolutionary Protestant Changes During the Times of Martin Luther Imagine experiencing the constant feeling of being taken advantage of by a more powerful force. Imagine what it has felt like to not have a say or movement in the areas surrounding you. Everyday life in the majority of Europe became submerged in these feelings because of the Roman Catholic Church which during the 1500s had an over extensive amount of power. The Roman Catholic Church had not only immense religious authority because it remained as the main religion of Europe, but in addition had a vast political influence in Europe. Its political power mainly came from the excessive expanse of wealth and economic success.
The church said that the only way you could get time out of purgatory or save a family member from purgatory was to buy indulgences this means that the monks will pray for you and your family. This was criticised by the Protestants because they argued that purgatory was not mentioned in the bible and that Rome was shaping religion to benefit them. Also the influence of European Protestants helped influence the change in England, this is proven by the protestant stronghold that was located in south east England this is because of the influence from the German and Dutch traders who would come to England and share their views also in the south the people were generally more educated so they were able to relate to the information and find faults in catholism. Henry V111 religious convictions are also a reason to why the church changed from catholism to Protestantism, one religious conviction was the First act of Annates in 1532 this banned payment of annates to Rome. It also threatened that bishops could be consecrated
The Victorian period, up until the death of Queen Victoria in 1901, was therefore a time of religious confusion, but also, as we will see, of great charity, as well as of birth of new beliefs. What role did religion play in the lives of citizens of this period and their society? The Victorian era was marked by the immense influence of the Church of England in religion, of course, but also in politics- being linked to the government meant it had its hand in certain social decisions, such as the oppression of dissenters. This naturally caused friction amongst people of other faith, especially the Catholics who had previously been stripped of many of their civil rights, which were only returned to them in 1827 by Parliament. They had a long wait until 1840 to see the tax-supported status of the Anglican Church be removed, making them equal once again.
From the late fourth century, the Church had consciously set out to destroy all knowledge that could distract people from devotion to god, thus ushering in the dark ages. Thus most important philosophical, medical, mathematical and scientific knowledge built up by the ancient Greeks and Romans had been lost to Europe forever. Some of the ancient Europe text had been retained by the arabs, who valued knowledge and expanded greatly on what had been preserved. Although Europe had been exposednto Islamic culture for centuries through contacts in Spain and Siciliy, much more Islamic thought was transferred to the west during the crusades. The need to raise, transport and supply large armies led to growth in trade throughout Europe.
Henry had spent a lot of money on wars in Europe, expensive clothes and food so he wanted to make up the loss by being head of the church. This meant Henry would have more money for himself. Finally, Henry made himself head of the English Church because he knew that previous kings had been unhappy with the amount of power the Pope had over the English church so he decided he wanted complete control over his country. Henry wanted power to divorce without the Pope's consent and in general Henry wanted more power over England's land. Henry wanted a divorce from Catherine of Aragon because she could not produce a son.
Whereas the towns in Medieval Europe emerged around the 1000s A.D, Some countries around the world like America saw this event and improvement happen much later. But was the rise of towns in America much different from the one in Medieval Europe? In this essay we will compare the process of the emergence of towns in Medieval Europe and in America. We will examine how it occurred and why it happened. Firstly, the advancement of technology was a big step in rise of towns.
How far do sources 1, 2 and 3 suggest that the early 16th century church exploited the faith of its followers to increase its own wealth? We know that in the early 16th century, around the time of the reformation of the church in England, much had been said about the state in which the church was in. Many opponents, such as Simon Fish, the writer of source 1, would state that the church was riddled with corruption and in a state of collapse. However, the Catholic Church still played a vital role in the life of most everyday people. Source 1, would strongly support the statement, as it aggressively attacks the church and its actions.