Individuals with autism often have difficulties reading non-verbal forms of communication, such as body language, and find it hard to relate to other people’s feelings and emotions, which can effect their responses to a social situation as they will appear out of context or inappropriate. Another problem an autistic individual may experience in social interaction is having a rigid set of interests. For example, an individual may have a vast knowledge on sport, and will only want to discuss this topic of interest, resulting in a monologue of interests rather than a conversation. 3. - The problems of inflexibility and restrictiveness in activities and interests and how these may affect Individuals with autism can often show inflexibility and restrictiveness in their interests.
learning or physical. Learning disabilities which affect development could be: Autism; autism is a disability which affects how a person relates and communicates with other people and the world around them. Children with autism find it difficult to understand facial expressions or the tone of a voice. They can feel lonely and cut off from society as they avoid social interaction. This could affect their ability to development or interact in social settings or in the classroom.
Understand the potential effects of transitions on children and young people’s development Identify the transitions experienced by most children and young people. Transition experienced by most children and young people include: Moving away – This could make the child or young person frustrated because they are being torn away from either their favourite place or friends, this could also make the child become anxious. Friends moving away – This could make the child or young person feel nervous because they will then have to make new friends which may not be easy for the child, this could also make the child become anxious and become shy. Puberty – This could make the child or young person feel confused because they can’t control what is happening to them, this could also make the child become dismissive or make the child become argumentative with parents or carers. Starting a new school – This could make the child or young person feel nervous because they have to make new friends and could make the child feel anxious because they don’t know what will happen.
1.3 Explain how distress may affect the way an individual communicates. All individuals may react differently when feeling distressed. Some may become quiet, and not want to talk or make eye contact with you. Others may become angrier, and do all the talking in the conversation, and they may begin shouting. Individual’s self-esteem can be low, and their body language may be closed or negative, this can make communication difficult with an individual whom is distressed because you may not get any feed back from them, or you may not get a change to talk or be listened to to help them.
People placing limitations on the person with the sensory loss can be disabling, for example, believing that a blind person can’t manage alone or that deaf people are funny because of the way they talk. These attitudes and beliefs can prevent the person being included in society as an equal. This can then have a negative effect on the person and lead them to believing that they have
3.2 Explain the reasons why children and young people’s development may not follow the expected patterns. There are many reasons why a child’s development not follow the expected pattern including; Disability this may affect a child’s emotional developments for many reasons. A child with a disability whether it is a physical disability or a learning disability may struggle to manage their thoughts and feelings, they may not be able to express those thoughts and feelings and as a result become increasingly frustrated. The child may be unable to form relationships with others in their peer group and may feel isolated and withdrawn. If a child with a disability has emotional developmental delay they may form friendships with children who are much younger than they are which could affect how their same age peers see them.
This would affect the social and behavioural development of a child. Obesity or being overweight is an issue which is sometimes overlooked in children. If a child is overweight, they are often unable to keep up with other children in sports and P.E. They will struggle to participate in high energy sports such as football and athletics. Other children may laugh at and bully the overweight child, which results in low self confidence and the child being embarrassed about himself.
This makes school unenjoyable for the student which can lead to outbursts of anger and fights with other students. Gerald needs to be introduced to strategies to improve his social skills which will positively contribute to his inclusion (pg 365, Ashman & Elkins) . Gerald needs routine without a routine Gerald finds it very unsettling and creates disturbances. It is important that Gerald is given a warning before a routine change, so he has time to adapt to the changeover. Gerald may also have the following characteristics; Impairment in social interaction(failure to develop friendships that are appropriate the child’s developmental level, impaired used of non verbal behaviour such as eye gaze, facial expression and body language, empathy and impaired ability to identify social cues), impairment of social communication (fluent speech but difficulties with conversation skills), restrictive interests (special interest that are unusual in intensity and focus, preference to routine and consistency.
He was than referred to Speech and Language therapy services and diagnosed with symptoms of delayed speech. At thirty five months Shane’s parents had become increasingly concerned with his lack of development. He was getting full support and attention from his full time mother and also a fair share from his working father. He was still not improving in speech, engaging in social behaviour with parents or even engaging with any other children. He was still in nappies and would not communicate well enough for the parents to be able to potty train him.
I Am Sam Alex Arnold Abnormal Psychology Judy Vadasz 11/25/2014 The film I Am Sam is a heartbreaking film about the struggles of a man suffering from multiple psychological disorders. This man is a father who enlists the help of an attorney to help him regain custody of his daughter. Sam and his lawyer try to demonstrate that his caretaker capacity has not been hindered by his developmental delays. Sam Dawson is portrayed to suffer from mental retardation, with the mental capacity of a seven year old. His daughter, Lucy, is also seven, and as she ages, starts to hold herself back in school, afraid to look smarter than her father.