Shereatta Willis Kaplan University PS220 Unit 9 Assignment Early childhood development is defined as ,a set of concepts, principles, and facts that explain, describe and account for the processes involved in change from immature to mature status and functioning (Bukatko, 2008),development is also generally divided into three broad categories, physical development, cognitive development, and social emotional development. Physical development addresses any change in the body, including how children grow, how they move, and how they perceive their environment. Cognitive development pertains to the mental processes like, language, memory, and problem solving, that children use to acquire and use knowledge. Emotional and social development addresses how children handle relationships with others, as well as understand of their own feelings. Physical development in children follows a directional pattern, large muscles develop before small muscles, legs and arms develop before those in the fingers and hands, and children learn how to perform gross ,or large motor skills such as walking before they learn to perform fine ,or small, motor skills such as drawing.
Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for the Children and Young Peoples Workforce-Early Years (Management/Advanced Practice) Unit 136 136.2,7 Through adult-led activities we can introduce children to new ideas, provide opportunities for them to develop their skills and ensure that they experience all six areas of learning in the EYFS. During adult-led activities we are in control of the teaching we are providing. However, what we cannot have any control over is what young children are learning from these activities. This is why it is important to balance adult-led activities with time and opportunity for children to explore their own ideas, play with resources and use their imagination and creativity. Through doing this and practising the skills that they have learned the children will be able to take ownership of their learning and be able to apply it in different situations.
Piaget's Theory According to Piaget, children in the earliest stages of life, from birth to 2 years, exist in a sensory-motor stage, where they learn to move and operate their bodies as well as begin to understand simple symbols. In this early stage, children are curious about their environment and begin to learn how to interpret it in sensible ways. The next stage is called preoperational thought and lasts from the ages of 2 until 7. In this stage, children develop stable concepts, mental reasoning and imagination. What is distinct and important about Piaget's views is that he considered imagination and play to be crucial to enable every child to develop his own sense of self and to foster healthy learning habits.
Theories of development. Jean Piaget (1896 – 1980) – Cognitive Piaget's theory was that children construct or build up their thoughts according to their experiences of the world around them. The child's conclusions or thoughts are known as 'schema' (building blocks of knowledge). The child will adapt their schema when new information is received. As a child develops, so does their thinking.
Considering the work of key pioneers and current experts with links to child development theory. There are many theories about how children learn and develop. This area of study is called developmental psychology which covers subjects such as cognitive, language and emotional development. The research methods are based heavily on the on going assessments carried out by observing children over a period of time. Assessment is part of the process of understanding what children know, understand and can do so that future teaching steps can be appropriately planned.
(2010b). Educators’ guide to the early years learning framework for Australia. (Commonwealth of Australia, CD-ROM, 2010 release). Gillespie, L. & Petersen, S. (2012). Rituals and routines: Supporting infants and toddlers and their families.
Psych-Sim Session 9: COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Name: Rebekah Schoenfeld Section: Date: February 3, 2015 This activity describes Piaget's theory of the growth of intelligence and simulates the performance of three children of different ages on some of Piaget's tasks. Schemas What are schemas? Is us people beings making sense of the world by organizing what we know into a mental frame work. Explain the difference between assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's existing schemas.
For example they may use growth assessments to measure and assess the children’s height, weight and head circumference, auditory assessments to monitor and assess the children’s levels of response, reasoning assessments to monitor and assess children’s reasoning carried out by educational psychologists, cognitive aptitude assessments to monitor and assess children’s intelligence and they are widely carried out in schools. The assessment framework is the way in which a child is assessed to determine whether they are in need and what the nature of those needs is in order to meet their needs appropriately. In
You will learn about the basic principles of child development and explore how the social world in which children and adolescents interact (e.g., parents, family, school, community, government, media, and cultural) influence learning, growth, and development. You will learn to apply these course concepts to practical and contemporary issues affecting children and families today. Course Learning Objectives: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to: 4. Identify context and theoretical frameworks to understand the developing child. 5.
Children initially rely on reflexes, eventually modifying them to adapt to their world. Behaviors become goal directed, progressing from concrete to abstract goals. Objects and events can be mentally represented by the child. | Preoperational Stage(2-7 years) | This stage of development allows a child to increase his/her mental representation of objects, generally through make-believe play. Piaget states that language is the most flexible means of mental representation, but that children do not yet have the capability to solely use language as a means of representation.