The superior recall of items at the start of the list is called the primary effect, whilst the superior recall of the items at the end of the list is called the recency effect. This is good evidence for the multi-store model of memory because it shows the difference between the STM and the LTM. Rundus & Atkinson (1970) Rundus and Atkinson asked participants to rehearse out loud the list they were given (similar to Murdock's experiment). Tape recordings showed that words from the beginning of the list were more likely to be rehearsed than later ones. Because of the limited capacity of the STM, words from the middle of the list are thought to be lost completely or unavailable for recall.
A flicker paradigm occurs when an original and a modified image continually alternate, one after the other, with a brief blank field between the two. This study consisted of measuring reaction time based on presenting a flashing stimulus then either changing the stimulus with one of the independent variables; with a color-presence- location change or placement change, centrally versus marginally. The study also consisted of measuring whether reaction time was quicker or slower based on these changes occurring centrally or marginally. Based on the idea that visual acuity is good only in small area straight ahead, where the image is focused on a part of the retina called the fovea (St. James, Schneider, & Eschman, 2005), I predicted that reaction time would be quicker when the change was located centrally within the
LSI Self Assessment GM 591: Keller Graduate School Part I: Personal Thinking Styles (primary, backup, limiting) My primary style of thinking and acting is the avoidance style. Human Synergistic International states that a person with the avoidance thinking style generally lays low when things get difficult and stressful. This type of person tends to avoid conflict and can have trouble making decisions. This type of person can also be non-committal due to the difficulty in making decisions. My 92 percentile score in this avoidance category means I scored higher than 92% of a group of 9,207 people that previously took this life styles inventory self evaluation.
Currie et al, (1995) found that when participants focused on an object that moved between displays in a variety of visual stimuli they were only able to detect changes in the saccade target, not the surrounding image. This change blindness was attributed to saccade specific mechanisms but other evidence suggests many incidences of change blindness (and saccade-contingent change blindness) can be attributed to reduced attention. Transient motion signals are normally a huge visual cue by attracting an observers attention (Klein et all 1992) and absence of these signals for example retinal blurring in a saccade or modified picture presented at intervals may be responsible for change blindness when attention can not easily be directed to the change. Rensink et al suggested that people never form a completely accurate, detailed mental image of scenes they observe, making it difficult to perceive changes in images or their environment unless full attention is directed. Their research on change blindness used real world images and modified versions presented very quickly, intercepted by blank fields in a “flicker” sequence.
If a girl looks at a picture and there are 100 small circles within the same proximity, her brain will construe it as one large bunch of circles. Proximity makes the brain’s job much easier because one large group of circles is much simpler than 100 small circles. The last principle is closure, which is the brain filling in gaps to create an image. When the brain sees 50 dashes that are in the similar shape of a circle, the brain will perceive it as a circle. Naturally, the brain seals the dashes because it makes more sense and is more neat to the brain to understand it as an image of a circle instead of 50 dashes, all going in different
Questions 5) Use the process outlined in the video to create the line of best fit for your data. Why is it reasonable to set the intercept value to 0 for this data? What effect does this have on the equation of the line of best fit? Through moments of testing one can say that when one increases the value of the intercept it gradually decreases the value of the actual equation. It is reasonable to set the value to 0 because if one makes the value 0 we can observe a more precise answer, than if one changes the intercept.
Sample: I-2B Score: 5 Part (a)(i): 2 points were earned for the correct setup and the correct answer. Part (a)(ii): 1 point was earned. The student makes computational errors that limit the score. Part (b): No points were earned. The setup is nearly correct, but the computation of 10 m3 of infiltration into the surrounding soil should equal 100 m3.
What are you going to do with the outlier? Please provide a rationale for your decision. (0 marks as this question is part of data screening for the writing of the results in Task 10) Participant two’s score was changed to 256, which was one unit higher than the next most extreme score identified. Perform data screening. Was there a normal distribution?
Research supporting the working memory model can be seen in Baddeley, Thomson and Buchanan’s research in 1975 of the phonological loop. Their research saw participants recalling one word at a time, of varying lengths. They found that performance was superior in short words (monosyllabic), rather than polysyllabic words. This shows that the capacity of the phonological loop is determined by the length of time it takes to say the words to yourself rather than the number of items. So there are some confounding variables that can alter your ability to remember some words, rather than just rehearsal, or attention, as suggested in the multi-store memory model.
Each word from one category (high-arousal) had a word in the other category (neutral) that was of same length and began with the same letter. We came up the words used in this experiment ourselves, however, there were some words that were also used in the experiment conducted by Thomas et al. (2005). There were also 32 different gray-scale photographs of individuals displaying facial expressions used, provided by NimStim Tottenham (2009). Each photograph displayed either a happy facial expression or a fearful expression and each facial expression was shown once on each individual (a total of 16 different individuals).