Court History and Purpose 1 Court and Its Purpose The judicial system interprets and applies the law through a system of courts, each with a specific position and function. The judicial system serves a very important purpose in interpreting the law. Its purposes is to fairly administer justice, protect rights and liberties, settle disputes, and interpret the Constitution. The three main functions of courts are upholding the law, protecting individuals, and resolving disputes. (Siegel, Schmalleger, & Worrall, 2011).
Government Policies Hand-out 1. Parliament: The role of parliament is a necessary part of UK politics. Parliament has to scrutinise the work of government, they do this by questioning the government ministers and having debates to view the proposed laws and amendments to legislation. Decisions are often made via a vote. Smaller groups will look at specific policy issues and legislation in detail.
Below are the powers of each branch. Our Legislative Branch does many things. Including the following; the main job of our Legislative Branch is to make the laws. It is made up of the senate and the House of Representatives. They also lay and collect taxes, declare war, coin money, provide for the army and navy, and decide on tax laws.
The U.S. Constitution established each branch. The role of each branch is very different but each has its own issues that require moral decision-making. It is because of ethics and moral reasoning we have laws, and we continue to need ethics to refine and perfect our legal system (Ruggiero, 2008 pg. 8) Congress is the legislative part of our government, which includes the Senate and the House of Representatives (Truman Library, 2009). The primary role of the legislative branch is to create laws.
Responsibilities of the lords include creating laws, scrutinising decisions and offering independent expertise. branches of government: there is three forms of power in our society, these are called branches of the g government. • Executive: they have the power to suggest new laws and make sure existing laws are implemented • Legislative: they have the power to make laws • Judicial: they have the power to interpret the laws and make judgements on whether laws have been broken Main roles at government levels: Prime minister, Government ministers, London assembly, Mayors, Members of parliament and Council
In addition to that, Parliament also has the function of scrutinising and challenging the government on its legislative proposals as well as on a broader, more general level. It has been argued that this is Parliament’s most important function, rather than maintaining it in office. With regards to this point of view, an analysis of the present mechanisms of scrutiny and challenge used by Parliament and their effectiveness offers an insight into its validity. To begin with, Parliament, as the state legislature, plays a role in scrutinising government legislative proposals. Each bill has to go through First reading, Second reading, Committee stage, Report stage and Third reading in both the Commons and Lords.
1). PA260-3: Analysis Constitional Protection In Criminal Law: Criminal defendants have several constitutional rights. Maybe, the most essential protection is the requirement that the prosecution prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. However, defendants have other rights to. Including the right to, (1) remain silent (2) confront witness (3) have a public trial (4) have a jury trial (5) have a speedy trial
However, this branch also deals with the levying of taxes and approving budgets of government expenditure. This branch is made up of the two houses of Congress - the Senate and the house of Representatives (http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0774837.html). The Judicial Branch has the Supreme Court, who is the head of it. The Supreme Court decides if something is constitutional or unconstitutional. All this means is, is it permitted under the Constitution or not.
Common Law Judge-made law’ requires judge to use their discretion in making judgment, when no appropriate statute exists It then sets precedent for other cases Constitutional Separation of Powers The Separation of Powers means that power is distributed between the three arms of the government, that is, the legislature, the executive and the judiciary Legislature: Arm of government responsible for passing Acts of Parliament Executive: Arm of government responsible for putting laws passed by the legislature into effect. Judiciary: Arm of government responsible for apply law to individual cases. The court structure (role of the local court, district court, Supreme Court, court of criminal appeal and high court in relation to criminal cases) Role of local court Lower Court • To hear and decide cases that involve summary offences (Example: DUI) • To conduct committal hearings that involve cases where a person has been charged with an indictable offence o Magistrate decides whether there is a prima facie (reasonable) case, if not charges may be dropped Role of District
It divides the federal government into three main branches: the bi-cameral legislative branch, comprised of the House of Representatives and the Senate, holds the responsibility as the main law maker. The judicial branch, comprised of the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, is responsible for the adjudication of cases under federal law (1804). The executive branch executes and enforces federal law. James Madison and Alexander Hamilton understood the importance of balancing the separation of powers; as well as the necessity of strengthening each branch of the government, including the strengthening of the executive branch if necessary for the sake of national security. James Madison wrote in Federalist 51, “The