Unit 7: 6.1. Explain the links between identity, self-image and self esteem Identity: In social science the term identity describes a person's conception and expression of their personal individuality or group identity, e.g. national identity or cultural identity. The shaping of someone's identity depends on the identification with significant others like parents, the peer group or even fictional movie-characters. Furthermore the term Identity describes a unique personality structure in combination with the picture that others have of this structure.
'Human behaviour and performance are the result of multiple influences.' Examine and assess this assertion, drawing on examples from Chapters 1, 6 and 7 of Discovering Psychology. There are many theories and approaches on why humans behave in a certain way and what factors have an influence on their actions. As with behaviour human performance also is influenced by multiple influences. In order to examine this assertion we have to look into some of the theories and findings from different areas in psychology that allows us to understand the importance of these influences.
For example, one psychologist may use descriptive psychopathology to which will strive to provide answers for symptoms or mental illness. Either way, psychopathology is formally used to study mental illness or the distresses which may be affecting an individual. The issues of the abnormal psychology will assist in the study by the way we would use it in the attempt to capture interest, trigger concerns, and demands our attention. It also brings us to form and ask certain questions pertaining to any study. Psychopathology is not the same as psychopathy, which has to do with antisocial
Personality can mean many things but collectively the definition according to Feist & Feist in 2006, “…a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior” (Feist & Feist, 2006). It is hard to understand personality when no one can even agree about the true definition of personality so that is why we have to study it and assess the information that will help us understand what influences our own traits and characteristics. Quantifiable Human Nature The field of psychology is based on the basic ways in which humans will react through perceptions, position, and the point of views from of a lot of theorists. In the area of psychology according to Feist and Feist in 2009, “there are six dualistic dimensions on human nature and they are determinism versus free choice, pessimism versus optimism, causality versus teleology, conscious versus unconscious determinants of behavior, biological versus social influences, and finally uniqueness versus similarities” (Feist & Feist). First a thing where a human does anything willingly is called free choice.
Personality Theories There is an array of theories under the psychodynamic category of personality theories. Many theorists contributed to these, and all have his or her own outlook on how personality develops within individuals. Each theory’s main assumptions will be covered, as well as comparing the source of behavior in regards to free will and the conscious or unconscious state of mind. As Smith (2007) describes, there are three ways in which an individual will resolve anxiety with others: moving toward people, moving away from people, or moving against people. The use of these three is not limited to just one, but a healthy and stable individual will use all of these strategies depending on the specific situation, and use them in a positive context.
3, 2009). Psychologists see personality from different angles and perspectives. The basis for this could be that these personality theorists come from different backgrounds (Feist & Feist, 2009). Psychologists base theories on his or her background; they live in different places and study from a different perspective. Feist and Feist, (2009), points out that “there is no single definition that is acceptable to all personality theorists can say that personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior” p.
Having Fun With Operational Definitions Adapted from teachpsychscience.org Directions: Identify and operationally define the independent and dependent variables in each of the following research ideas. Research Idea #1: A social psychologist was interested in whether people are more likely to exhibit conformity when they are in situations that make them feel nervous and unsure of themselves. What is the independent variable? How would you define it operationally? What is the dependent variable?
Psychology Final Exam Study Guide A. Personality is patterns of behavior like actions, feelings, thoughts, and interactions that are consistent over time and across circumstances. They are unique characteristics that account for our enduring patterns of inner experience and outward behavior. Personality theories are attempts at describing and explaining why, how, when, someone acts. They are not facts and are bound to change over time.
This school of study ultimately depends on the methods of the case studies that are performed to provide the necessary information that will clearly show them the evidence based on motivations. The theory of psychodynamics will tell us that the researcher will be able to collect the correct information based on the subject’s willingness to reveal the truth about themselves in their everyday actions. The Behaviorist Perspective This school of study is also known as “behaviorism.” In this school of study behavior is observed and learned by the way it is shaped by the stimuli in our environment. This study
Many of those factors are either biological or environmental. Biological factors are the traits and characteristics people are born with. The environment an individual grows up in helps to shape his or her personality. Freud believes that the unconscious affects an individual’s personality. The unconscious is storage for an individual’s instincts and drives that he or she is not aware of (Feist & Feist, 2009, p. 24).