Within this paper a 23 year old woman name Sally with a dog phobia will be discussed. In addition, how classical and operant conditioning as well as observational learning is a factor in developing Sally’s phobia will be illustrated. Furthermore, how extinction and tenets of cognitive theory can help Sally overcome her dog phobia will be explained. Sally is a 23 year old woman who has a severe dog phobia. A negative experience with dogs at an early age caused Sally to have this dog phobia.
xxx. Generalized anxiety disorder: persistent excessive worry over uncontrollable negative events, like health, finances, work, etc. They have apprehensive expectation and feel the need to control everything. xxxi. Panic disorder: recurrent, unexpected, uncued panic attacks.
Principles of Operational, Classical, and Observational Learning Benjamin Trahan Psych/504 Version 4 January 21, 2013 Victor Kersey Ph.D. Abstract The analysis examines the example of a dog phobia of a 23-year-old woman and explains the phobia using the principles of operational, classical, and observational learning to explain her behavior. In addition, the analysis discusses the specific behavior learned by the woman and how it could affect her level of anxiety and ability to develop and maintain positive interpersonal relationships. Finally, the analysis identifies how the process of extinction and tenets of cognitive theory could be used to assist in the woman overcoming her phobia. Analyzing the Dog Phobia * The student clearly used behavioral and cognitive theory to analyze dog phobia. * The student provided a complete description of Sally’s phobia, both by inference and by researching the development of simple phobias, such as dog phobias.
The area of the brain most affected by high stress is the hippocampus, which is very sensitive to cortisol. During the process of time, the cortisol will weaken the brain’s local memory and indexing systems and may narrow perceptual mapping (Jensen, 2008). For the distressed learner there can be so many reasons for their distress, from one’s own home, school to parents etc., anything that stresses the learner, this causes the brain to be on defense mechanism
She is extremely well behaved and has to sacrifice her inner desires to be wild for the greater good of society. The small dog or arrow is pointing to the black dog, because the larger black dog contrasts to the little girl. The black dog is natural and unleashed. This dog defies civilization and contrasts with the little girl who has to live by a set of regulations for an ideal society. Paul Gauguin’s, “Where do we come from?
The title 'Crossing Over' has a literal meaning of crossing the road and the other is crossing from life into death we sometimes use this phrase as a euphemism instead of saying someone was dead. In this Mystery story there are 3 main characters, Togo, Mrs Mathews and the girl. In the story Togo is a dog and he is 'huge, half Alsatian and half something else, he is permanently matted and dirty. 'Mrs Mathews is the owner of the dog (Togo), she is quite old, she cares about Togo so much and would be petrified if anything happened to the poor creature' I know this because on the story the girl 'had offered bathe and groom him, but Mrs Mathews had been outraged by the suggestion . She was sure the poor creature would catch a cold' from this quotation picked from the story, it suggests that Mrs. Mathews cares about Togo a lot.
A person who suffers from anxiety may avoid expressing him/herself due to the fear of making mistakes or being judged. Anxiety causes an overwhelming level of stress which negatively affects communication. 4. It can be tiring and emotionally draining and can lead to yourself becoming depressed. Outcome 2 1. internet,doctor,leaflets,library, friends and colleagues that have been in the same situation 2.
Workers are susceptible to different work- related differences, which can create burnout. Burnout is condition of physical, mental, or emotional exhaustion, which is caused by unnecessary and monotonous anxiety from attachment to individuals in sensitively challenging circumstance. Burnout is compiling of three key issues: emotional fatigue, feelings of little personal achievements with customers, and an awareness of depersonalization thoughts. Suffer exhaustion should be averted for the fact that it has a momentous outcome on human services workers, consumers, and even corporations. Available is a big catalog that can be categorized into sets of what causes burnout.
Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline personality disorder is a disorder that affects mental health and causes major emotional instability. It can lead to other mental as well as behavioral problems. A person with borderline personality disorder usually has a very distorted self-image and often feels worthless. He/she often experiences frequent mood swings, anger, and impulsiveness, which may push people away, even if he wants to have meaningful relationships. Don’t despair if you have this type of personality disorder.
There is an increased risk of non-compliance due to: lack of insight, side effects and subjective response to medication. Lastly, a significant problem is substance use. Substance use/abuse can lead to an exacerbation of psychotic symptoms and suppression of the effect of antipsychotic medication. Barkhof et al. (2006) states that substance abuse frequently leads to conflict with family members, causing higher levels of expressed emotions, equaling a psychotic relapse.