The four main politicains in this time were; William Gladstone, Benjamin Disraeli, David Lloyd George and Herbert Henry Asquith who all contributed to the parliamentary reform. The changing social and economic landscape during the 19th century brought about a new working class identity and in urban and rural areas and it would be stupid of politicians not to recognise the increasing political awareness demonstrated by the working classes. In 1832 both the Liberals and Conservatives had been cautious about extending the vote and as such the franchise was only extended to the Middle class. However, the emergence of political figures like William Gladstone and Benjamin Disraeli gave hope to an increasingly vociferous working class movement. Prior to the 2nd Reform Act being passed in 1867 which allowed skilled working class in towns to be included in the franchise with property qualifications, both men had persuaded their parties to widen the electorate and improve British
They were also willing to give rights to the newly developed middle class. Their Leader, Lord Grey was an aristocrat who believed in practical reforms to pacify the angry radicals. A political problem was the death of King George IV was also a big factor. His death gave an encouragement to the pro reform as George had been primarily against reform, while his brother, William IV was more willing to help the cause of the reform. The death of a king also meant elections and in the November 1830 elections the pro reform candidates did well and their leader, Earl Grey became the P.M.
I think that Theodore Roosevelt played an important role in the development of Progressivism between 1900 and 1920. Progressivism is a political attitude which favours various reforms through government action. Progressivism was the general response to the vast changes brought by industrialization; it was an alternative to both the traditional conservative response and to the more radical streams of socialism and anarchism. The term progressivism is usually associated with left-winged parties in the United States. The progressive party was the most successful third party in modern American history during this time period.
Part of the system is the introduction of proportional representation that meant parties in the Riechtag would gain seats depending upon the number of votes they got in the most recent election. The consequence of this was that it brought a number of parties together with the help of another key feature of the constitution, the “Bill of Rights”. This meant that parties could express their views, as the “Bill of Rights” was a law that gave people the freedom of speech. This union made representation of many opposing parties very open, which effectively made the Weimar constitution more democratic. However P.R made it difficult for a lot of parties to gain a majority of seats in the Reichstag, which made it harder for one major party to take control of the country.
After the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson was elected president, and James Madison was the Secretary of State under Jefferson. Jefferson was well-known for being very pro states’ rights and the rural general public. However, Jefferson decided it was time to lessen the differences between the two parties. He did so with many accomplishments throughout his two terms. He was elected as a Democratic-Republican, but through his term he embraced many Federalist views in order to accomplish what was best for the country.
Two competing political philosophies have always existed throughout the United States’ relatively short history: one seeking to increase the power of the central government, and one seeking to decrease it. During the 1800s, these two conflicting philosophies emerged in confrontations between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Thomas Jefferson promoted escalating the common man’s role in government. Alexander Hamilton, however, advocated the significance of a sturdy central government in leading the country forward. Both Thomas Jefferson’s and Andrew Hamilton’s beliefs and views helped to shape the United States into the country it is today.
Realigning elections offer voters the opportunity to have a large and lasting impact on national policy. In responding to these issues and then by endorsing the action of the party that takes power, the electorate helps to establish a new governing philosophy and its associated policies. A realignment is maintained in part through the development of loyalties among first-time voters to the new governing party and its policies. Realignments have occurred around the time of the Civil War, during the 1890s, and during the Great Depression of the 1930s (FDR and the New Deal). Some argued that the GOP sweep of Congress and many state governorships in the 1994 midterm elections represented a new realignment, yet the Republicans suffered a setback in the 1996 election.
The American democracy came about during the enlightenment era with thoughts and ideas about freedom and speech. America established itself as one of the greatest democracies in the world from 1789 to 1850. Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson help shape most of the American nation. Hamilton was a federalist who believed the government should hold more power. Jefferson was an anti-federalist who believed in a strong state government and a weak federal government.
Also Austria-Hungary’s king and family visited Sarajevo- Bosnia was assassinated by conspirator Gavrilo Princip Austria striked back in revenge. But the most important came from countries distrust for one another because it led the Great powers of Europe-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Britain, France, and Russia signed treaties pledging to defend one another. These alliances were intended to promote peace by promoting powerful combinations that no one would dare to attack. But 2 huge alliances emerged in the end. France longed to avenge its defeat in Franco-Prussian War, Bismarck signed treaties with other powered thinking they wouldn’t attack Germany alone.
It has been nationally and internationally proclaimed that the United States presidential election of 2008 was a historical election. The election can be considered historical for many reasons, most notably because the first African American president was elected. However, on a grander scale, the election of 2008 has brought about a significant party realignment with a powerful Democrat Party now dominating the fallen Republican Party. Conservatives, whose traditional stance is against change, found themselves voting for a very liberal candidate campaigning for change, Barack Obama. Barack Obama’s ability to garner many voters from the Republican Party, particularly conservatives, caused his landslide win in the presidential election and reflects the current shifting of party loyalties in the American political landscape.