Question 1: How Do Adults Learn? How Is Andragogy Different from Pedagogy? What Is the Role of Appropriate Climate Setting in Desired Training Outcomes?

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Introduction: In 1950’s the researches that were carried out to understand how adults learn, has shown that children and adults have different ways to cope while learning is concerned. Andragogy is defined as “The Art and Science of helping adults learn”. It is built upon 2 attributes: • Learners are self-directed and autonomous • The teacher is a facilitator of learning rather than a mere presenter of content Adults need to know why they should learn – the reason they need to know and how it will benefit them in order to solve a real-life task or problem. They resent and resist situations in which they feel that others are imposing their wills on them. Adults also want to use what they already know and be acknowledged for their knowledge – their self-identity is derived from their experiences. Andragogy vs. pedagogy: The difference between Andragogy and Pedagogy: • Andragogy is an adult focused teaching approach while Pedagogy is a child focused teaching approach. • Both methods of teaching are problem centred. • Pedagogy is more systematic than Andragogy because of the complexity of the students while Andragogy is motivational. As we compare pedagogy and andragogy what we can see is a mirroring of the difference between what is known as the romantic and the classical curriculum. As Jarvis (1985) puts it, perhaps even more significantly is that ’education from above’ is pedagogy while ‘education of equals’ is andragogy. As a result, the contrasts drawn are rather crude and do not reflect debates within the literature of curriculum pedagogy. Here is a comparison chart on certain aspects worth mentioning: Assumptions Pedagogy Andragogy The Learner • The Lerner is dependent upon the instructor for all learning • The teacher assumes full responsibility for what is taught and how it is learned • The teacher evaluates learning • The learner

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