The cerebrum, which develops from the front portion of the forebrain, is the largest part of the mature brain. It consists of two large masses, called cerebral hemispheres, which are almost mirror images of each other. They are connected by a deep bridge of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum and are separated by a layer called the falx cerebri. The cerebrum or cortex is associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. White matter is a component of the central nervous system, in the brain and superficial spinal cord, and consists mostly of glial cells and myelinated axons that transmit signals from one region of the cerebrum to another and between the cerebrum and lower brain centers.
On the base of the frontal lobe it overlies the anterior perforated substance through which the striate arteries enter the interior of the brain. On the temporal lobe the olfactory cortex covers the rostral portion of the parahippocampal gyrus including a medial bulge known as the uncus or uncinate gyrus. From the olfactory cortex, olfactory information is relayed via the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus to the insular and orbitofrontal cortex. The insular cortex, which is buried in the depths of the Sylvian fissure, also
Hemispheric specialization refers to the dominance of one hemisphere of the brain in specific functions, such as language, emotions, motor control and so on ( Feldman, 2009). The brain is a part of the central nervous system which is the subdivision of the nervous system. Its main role is to process sensory information from various parts of the body to make them meaningful. The brain receives sensory information from all parts of the body through the spinal cord (Passer & Smith, 2009). Basically, the brain is divided into three parts.
Each of these lobes has different functions from each other. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters are the information carriers, they carry electrochemical signals to and from the brain throughout the entire body in human beings. Then, we have the nervous system which can actually be divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) where the brain and spinal cord are parts of the CNS. The PNS can still be divided into two specific parts, the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). While the SNS directs the movements of the skeletal muscles, the ANS regulates involuntary processes such as the heart beating, breathing, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.
On the other hand, Wernicke’s area is responsible for the comprehension of speech, which its function is linked with language development (GNU). Hence, one is mainly for speaking and the other for listening. The locations of both parts are different within the brain. According the studies, Broca’s area is located around the inferior frontal gyrus, which is a part of the frontal lobe (Wisegeek). The frontal lobe’s main functions are movement control and language production that thrive from the primary motor cortex.
It is also responsible for primary motor function, or our ability to consciously move our muscles, and the two key areas related to speech, including Broca’s area. The frontal lobe is larger and more developed in humans than in any other organism. As its name indicates, the frontal lobe is at the front of the brain. The right hemisphere of the frontal lobe controls the left part of the body, and vice versa. The frontal lobe is also the most common place for brain injury to
1) White matter consists of axons that run up and down the spinal cord. The grey matter is where the neurons are located and has an appearance of a butterfly the upper part of the butterfly is called dorsal horn and the lower part is called ventral horn. The spinal nerve is attached to the spinal cord by roots. There are two roots in the spinal cord on each side one is a ventral root and the other is dorsal root. Tracts serve to join the brain with spinal cord.
Sensory, Motor, and Interneuron are the three major classes of neurons. Sensory neurons send information from sensory receptors (e.g., in skin, eyes, nose, tongue, ears) toward the central nervous system. Motor neurons send information away from the central nervous system to muscles or glands. Interneurons send information between sensory neurons and motor neurons. Most interneurons are located in the central nervous system.
This is the part of the brain where the ascending and descending tracts are housed. This house creates a bulge that is called pons. This is located on the brains stem’s ventral surface. These pons are what make most of this division of the brain. The cerebellum is another large division that is located on the brain stem's dorsal surface.
Parietal lobe - responsible for sensory information from the body, also where letters are formed, putting things in order and spatial awareness. Occipital lobe- responsible for processing information related to vision Cerebrum lobe - biggest part of the Brain its role is memory, attention, thought, and our consciousness, senses and movement. Hippocampus = responsible for memory forming, organizing and storing and emotions. 3. Explain why depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia.