The hypothesis of the research paper “An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgement” propose that moral judgment involve emotional process is highly active during moral dilemmas relevantly similar to the footbridge dilemma, than those relevantly similar to the trolley dilemma and these differences in emotional engagement affect people in their judgements. Researcher assumed that the areas of the brain which are directly linked with the emotions would be more effective during the footbridge dilemma observation; such as purposely sacrificing one person life by pushing a large person off a footbridge to stop the coming trolley to save five others, as contrast to the trolley dilemma observation; such as by hitting a switch to reroute the trolley onto a opposite direction where it would run over one individual and kill that person, thus this would save other five people. Researcher also purposed that people tend to refuse to consider as an appropriate action during footbridge dilemma because it seems as harmful action and provokes a negative emotional response that persuades people to say this action as inappropriate. On the other hand, people tend to agree to consider as an appropriate action during the trolley dilemma because as the countervailing emotional response is absent during this situation, thus people tend to be in default condition to a utilitarian state of rationalizing that provokes this action as a favors approach to trade one life to save other five. Researcher suggested that the automatic emotional response provoked by the footbridge situation is related to the more likely as a moral-personal type of the harm.
This theory starts from the idea that we seek consistency in our beliefs and attitudes in any situation where two cognitions are inconsistent. Leon Festinger proposed cognitive dissonance theory, which states that a powerful motive to maintain cognitive consistency can give rise to irrational and sometimes adaptive behavior. According to Festinger, we hold many cognitions about the world and ourselves; when they clash, a problem is , resulting in a state of tension known as cognitive dissonance. As the experience of dissonance is unpleasant, we are motivated to reduce or eliminate it, and achieve
The first concept and probably one of the most obvious in Good Will Hunting, is transference. In psychoanalysis it is the process by which emotions and desires originally associated with one person, such as a parent or sibling, are unconsciously shifted to another person, especially to the analyst. Freud described two forms of transference, negative and positive. Positive transference covers all aspects of attachment to, and confidence in, the analyst; it is essential to successful treatment. Negative transference denotes hostile cathexes or excess cathexis, which may lead the patient to break off
Those sentences speak a lot about how powerful words can affect us. This line “once and for all” shows importance because it speaks to two emotions, anger or happiness. Some people might be happy or mad to repeal the death
Nature is suggested in the instinct theory where aggression is a characteristic shared by all humans as an innate biological drive which is expressed through sport. As a part of this drive theory is frustration, caused by the prevention of us achieving our desired goals, which in turn contributes to more aggression. Similarly, over arousal can be the cause of aggression, with some people naturally phased by the circumstances of sport they become aggressive as a release for their over arousal. The opposing debate of nurture is demonstrated in the social learning theory by Bandura; this study showed that we learn from others seen as role models (significant others) and replicate the behaviour they show. This would mean that aggressive behaviour displayed at elite level would be observed by supporters (particularly the youth) and the same misconduct would be expressed by them, although they see themselves as being the elite performer they idolise, not as being unsporting.
The potential for machismo, or for that matter, machisma (sic) behavior can be fueled by a diverse range of stimuli: chemical substances, level of emotional maturity, stress and a possible medical condition, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, where the person expressions uncontrollable anger no matter what the situation at hand. What conclusions can you draw about those who engage in such behavior? Humans are social animals and over the eons, a number of behavioral standards have been established to maintain order within a society. Most cultures adhere to these principles. However, humans also possess free will and they have the capacity to make the right or wrong choice when it comes to their behavior.
They defined emotional intelligence as “the ability to monitors one's own and other feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide ones thinking and actions”. (Salovey P. & Mayers, J.D, 1990) Emotional intelligence to a larger extent involves “emotional empathy” which is the ability to concentrate on one's emotions and recognize mood both of themselves and others. It further describes how well one is able to adapt to various life challenges like stress and difficult incidences. It also involves the ability balance “honest expression of emotions against courtesy, consideration and respect”. This would obviously involve possession of some level of good social and communication skills.
It has been recognized that aggressive acts can occur for a variety of reasons, and a distinction has been made between affective aggression that is associated with negative emotion and instrumental aggression that is not (Neuman & Baron, 1997). Affective, or “hot,” aggression has as its primary goal the injury of a target, whether physical or psychological, at times impulsively and immediately during the experience of negative emotion in response to provocation. With instrumental, or “cold,” aggression, harm of another may be a means to desired ends. In work organizations, instrumental aggression may be the chosen path toward status, power, perks, assignments, bonuses, promotions, and reputation, that is, “getting ahead” (Neuman & Baron, 2005). Our focus in this chapter will be on affective aggression and CWB, in which harm of another person or an organization is
This study examines the relationship between TCP and IIs about conflict. Results indicate that trait TCP is correlated with rumination, that a variety of significant relationships appear between trait TCP and II characteristics, and that trait TCP predicts state TCP immediately after a conflict-oriented II. People often think about interpersonal conflict in the absence of their relational partners (Honeycutt, 2003; Honeycutt & Cantrill, 2001). One way that people work through interpersonal conflict is via imagined interactions (IIs). IIs represent a ‘‘process of cognition whereby actors imagine themselves in interaction with others ...they reflect a distinct kind of thinking in which communicators experience or actually work through cognitive representations of conversation’’ (Edwards,Honeycutt, & Zagacki, 1988, p. 24).
Are emotions universal, or are they socially constructed? Emotions are an experience of disgust, happiness, sadness, fear, anger and surprise that helps us form and engage our relationships (Dacher, Oatley, & Jenkins, 2013). These six basic emotions are universal because they are expressed in all cultures, but the reactions to these emotions are socially constructed. Boiger and Mesquita (2012) claimed that most of the emotions happen in the contexts of relationships and social interactions. When the emotions are socially constructed, we are stating that, due to different cultures the communications of emotions are different, because diverse cultures have different facial expressions, and different nonverbal behaviour for these emotions.