The philosopher Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) was one of the early founders of existentialism. Although Kierkegaard was a devout Christian, he rejected the Christian Church due to its legalistic nature and the false relationship that people were receiving with God as a result. Kierkegaard believed that the key relationship of an individual was with God. He argued that God has given people freedom to make their own decisions and therefore our decisions are not determined. He thought that our existence is not something determined rationally or part of an on-going process but that it is something specific which is created through the choices we make.
Adler wrote that “individual psychology” breaks through the theory of determine, no experience is a cause of success or failure. We don’t suffer from shock of our experiences, the so called trauma, but we make out of them just what suits our purposes. We are self determined by the meaning we give our experiences.”Hoffman, E (1994). Carl Gustav Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist, and the founder of analytical psychology. Jung is considered the first modern psychiatrist to view the human psyche as “by nature religious” and make it the focus of exploration.
He argues that ‘the fool’ in Psalm 53 can conceive of God but fails to believe he exists. Anselm believes in a concept called in re and in intellectu, this involves the idea that if something is in the mind then it will always be greater in reality, for example money or a painting. Anselm applies a method of reasoning called reductio ad absurdum to prove Gods existence and make other possibilities seem ridiculous. Gaunilo of Marmoutier, a contemporary of Anselm, proposed an objection to Anselm’s argument in his work ‘On behalf of the Fool’. Gaunilo argues that just because someone can conceive of something it does not make it a reality and that there is not one way to conceive of God - the very fact that Gaunilo was arguing with Anselm proves that everyone coneives of God differently.
Chapter 1 Introducing Psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. The word “ psychology‖ comes from the Greek words “psyche” meaning life, and “ logos” meaning explanation. Psychology is interested in the nature of humans and how human beings function. However, psychology is by no means the only field of inquiry that seeks answers to the puzzles of human nature. The roots of psychology can be traced to the ancient philosopher based on their early records to understand psychology.
For Anselm, God cannot not exist. Descartes supported Anselm in his book ‘meditations’ and developed Anselm’s argument particularly in terms of necessary being. He based his argument for God’s existence on the idea that God is a ‘supremely perfect being’. Descartes believed that we can conclude that God exists, because existence is a predicate of a perfect being; therefore God must exist to avoid being self contradictory.
Divine Authority vs Human Authority Antigone vs Creon Divine Authority versus Human Authority is a major theme throughout the play of Antigone, which was written by Sophocles in the mid-5th century before christ. The play Antigone was written for the purpose of entertainment, and provides a metaphorical insight into the moral dilemma of Divine Authority, and its relation to Human Authority. Divine authority versus Human authority is the conception that religious laws and practices should take precedence over the authority of the state or vice versa. “That order did not come from God. Justice, that dwells with the gods below, knows no such law.” - pg.
A prime mover such as this could not fit in an ordinary chain of material causes. In Christianity this prime mover is deemed as God. The most famous Christian application of this argument comes from St Thomas Aquinas who in his book ‘Summa Theologica’ (published in 1917). Aquinas came up with Five Ways, three of which apply to the cosmological argument: The Unmoved Mover, The Uncaused Causer and Necessity and Contingency. The first way is The Unmoved Mover, Aquinas considered the way in which objects move or grow or change in state.
He also believed that different interviews are used for different purposes. Research through interview attains information and understanding of issues which are relevant to specific questions of a research project. Arkskey 1999 et al.... believed that one of the great strengths of using interviews for research is that it takes many different approaches. Structured interviews are when a researcher asks questions which are set in advance. A disadvantage to this will be that the researchers may be biased as they will already have a set of questions therefore likely to gain expected answers.
His essay “Concerning Human Understanding” claims that people are born without ideas and all human knowledge is learned through experience. It is the basis for the English philosophy of empiricism. 4.) First treatise was a refutation off the theory of divine rights of kings and monarchs 5.) Second Treatise set out a theory of politics that found it way to US Law 6.)
Amy Donkel Period: 5 10/18/10 Antigone Essay English jurist William Blackstone once said, “No enactment of man can be considered law unless it conforms to the law of God.” Although this was said at a different time and age than Ancient Greece, it still applies to the same concept Antigone teaches readers. In Antigone, Sophocles demonstrates through the characters Antigone, Ismene, and Creon that the divine laws always come before the states, no matter what the circumstances are. Antigone is a prime example on how the people should put the gods’ laws before any state law. She strongly and truly believes that every person, good or bad, deserves a proper burial, mainly because that is what the gods would want. She says to Ismene at one