Rap and the Western Literary Canon According to Boris Pasternak “literature is the art of discovering something extraordinary about ordinary people, and saying with ordinary words something extraordinary”. If we take his words, we can see that literature is not defined by written or spoken texts but is about the story and message it tells.Literature provides readers with the perspective of the world in which they are written and more importantly, great literary texts have the ability to do so while withstanding the test of time. These texts are usually from the Western literary Canon. The Western Literary Canon is a collection of various texts that have had an influential role in shaping the Western Society. The purpose of this canon is to teach society about the evolution of literature and civilization over the years.
‘Why is Sixty Lights worthy of critical study and inclusion on the HSC Prescriptions List for module B- Critical Study of Text?’ The novel Sixty Lights has been included on the HSC Prescriptions List for Module B because it is worthy for critical study as it is a diverse piece of literature covering significant topics that have been ignored in the modern world. We enter the lyrical and image-laden world of Sixty Lights. It’s a tale, resplendent in colour and imagery, set across two worlds - the constrained and stilted world of Victorian England, and the chaotic danger and abandon of India. Gail Jones creates literature, like Shakespeare, but in this particular piece explores the significance behind photographs and what they represent.
The study of transformations reveals why certain texts are valued. Texts from the past have been adapted to contemporary situations to explore how such texts deal with key issues and present new ways of thinking or evaluating society. While the older text may seem dated on the surface, the new text shows how the same values are still relevant in a modern context. ‘Emma’, an early 19thC English novel written by Jane Austen, and ‘Clueless’ a late 20th C American film directed by Amy Heckerling, on the surface look worlds apart, in fact they are 184 years apart, but the inspiration for both came from similar issues. Both texts are essentially about human relationships and their complications.
This suggests that Arab literature produced after the colonial era significantly and consciously questions and challenges Western cultural patterns of knowledge, which played a crucial role in fixing the relationship between Europe and the Arab world; a relationship based on naturalising the superiority and purity of Western civilization and the inferiority and corruption of Eastern one. Re-considering the connection between Europe plus the rest of the world is one of the ruling traits in the two stories that I have decided to analyse in this study. In this part, I will discuss the relationship between Europe and the colonial Others, concentrating further mainly on the genre of the stories as a model of drafting back to the centre. I will moreover endeavor to verify that the stories’s problematization of European systems of belief serves numerous ideas, some of which are to institute a discussion with, as well as to act against, European models of domination, by involving in a dialectical relationship between European colonial heritage and the re-created independent local identity. Manipulation of the victims is evident in both Othello and Mustafa.
Stoker makes continued use of symbols and objects throughout the novel in order to further strengthen on this idea. Through these means, Stoker provides a stunning insight into the values and attitudes that typified London in the final years of the 19th Century. The consequences of science and technology and overall, modernity, are brought into question quite early in the novel. As Jonathon Harker becomes uneasy with his accommodation and host in Castle Dracula, he
Discuss the impact of Post Modernism upon the contemporary crafts. ‘Knitting has become dangerously cool’ To fully explore how the contemporary crafts responded to Post Modernism, it is first necessary to examine the key movements previous to and during this time. How have crafts developed and been perceived over the last two centuries? What movements and schools of thought have been instrumental in the progression and definition of the crafts? What were the political and social states in the country and what effect has this had upon the status of contemporary crafts?
END OF HUMANITY AND SOCIETY TITLE: SOCIETY MUST BE DEFENDED AUTHOR: MICHEL FOUCAULT TRANSLATED BY: DAVID MACEY PUBLISHER: PENGUIN PAGES: 336 PRICE: £16.99 ISBN # 0713997079 FORMAT: PAPER BACK REVIEWED BY: HAMMAD RAZA AVAILABLE: PARAMOUNT BOOKS, KARACHI Michel Foucault, an intellectual giant of twentieth century, left behind a gigantic legacy upon which modern scholars and intellectuals reconfigured new academic disciplines. His deconstructive approach and critique to modernity in predicting the end of humanity (just as Nietzsche predicted, so rightly, the end of modernity and just as now Denial Bell’s end of ideology thesis has also confirmed these trends) seems to be much true in current society, which is based on consumerist lines and mass culture. The automation and atomization are ending the human beings as a critical creature. Now these novel ideas of Foucault have intruded in multitude of discipline ranging from philosophy to critical theory to politics to art to literature to international relations to sociology to arts giving birth to new styles of analyzing these disciplines under the head of post modernism. What did Foucault does?
Multiculturalism has been pointed out as one of the most conspicuous traits of post-modernity. However, there is a problem regarding the exact social experience the term is suppose to be referring to. Is it about tolerance, communication, understanding or coexistence? It seems that each one of these alternatives does make a huge difference… Post- modernity can be defined as the late 20th-century style and concept in the arts, architecture, and criticism, which represents a departure from modernism and is characterized by the self-conscious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media, and a general distrust of theories. With knowledge of this, it becomes evident that post-modernity was a phase in history, which was shaped by multiculturalism.
Postmodernism in the film Being John Malkovich Jae Sung Park – 2011191020 Postmodernism is a philosophical idea that became prominent in the latter half of the twentieth century. This idea focuses on raising questions against the validity of reality and what is commonly regarded as the truth. In this aspect, postmodernism can be seen as a derivative of modernism, which also questions the Enlightenment ideas of absolute truths and individual sovereignty. They are both a significant drift from the realism of 19th century. However, postmodernism is distinguishable from its predecessor in several key aspects (although there is still much debate about the criteria for how this distinction can be made).
A Comparative Analysis of New Criticism and Russian Formalism Every age has its theoretical definitions of the nature of literature and its theorized principles on which critical approaches to the analysis of literature are premised. Among many critical approaches, New Criticism and Russian formalism are the earliest and the most preliminary ones. Russian Formalism, mainly produced in the second two decades of the twentieth century, did not have widespread impact until the late 1960s and the 1970s, when it was effectively rediscovered, translated and given currency by Western intellectuals who were themselves part of the newer Marxist and structuralist movements of that period. In this respect, the Russian Formalists belong to a later moment of their reproduction and were mobilized by the new left critics in their assault, precisely, on established literary criticism represented most centrally, in the Anglo-Saxon cultures, by New Criticism and Leavisism. Hence, students of literature brought up in the tradition of Anglo-American New Criticism with its emphasis on “practical criticism” and the organic unity of the text might expect to feel at home with Russian Formalism.