Alpha hemolysis 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae are Gram-positive, lancet-shaped cocci (elongated cocci with a ... sensitive to bacitracin than other beta hemolytic streptococci. 4. the swelling of the capsule surrounding a microorganism after reaction with an antibody; the basis of certain tests for identifying microorganisms; "pneumococcus quellung" 5. capsules provide protection from viruses. they can be slippery to defend themselves from being eaten. Protects the bacteria from phagocytosis allowing the bacteria to stay in the body 6. pure culture 7.
3. Why is it necessary to make pure subcultures of organisms grown from clinical specimens? So that the organism can be identified and tested for antibiotic sensitivities. 4. What kinds of clinical specimens may yield a mixed flora in bacterial cultures?
Unknown Lab Report: Enterobacter cloacae Jessica Sainvil Professor Cupido Bio 253L1 Thu 9:30-12:30 Due Date: 12/6/12 Unknown#103 Introduction The bacterium Enterobacter cloacae isolated from the given #103 was a Gram-negative Rod. The purpose of this lab was to isolate and identify the genus and species of an unknown bacterium. It is important to identify an unknown microorganism because knowing how the bacteria work and how it is structured means knowing how it can affect humans. Unknown bacteria may also be used clinically many pharmaceutical drugs are based on products made by organisms (Katzung, B.G.2004). In order to identify the unknown organism a series of tests were performed.
From the gel electrophoresis, we found that the PCR product was about 600 bps. Spectrometric analysis helped us to find the concentration of amplified DNA which was about 65 μL/mL. The next step was to produce digoxigenin-UTP labelled RNA probe by in vitro transcription of PCR amplified tau DNA with T7 RNA polymerase. About 4 μL of template DNA was added to a sterile, RNase-free reaction vial. The total sample volume was made up to 13 μL by adding water.
In the 1950’s, Frank Macfarlane Burnet explains how the immune system might identify self from nonself. By introducing The Clonal Selection Hypothesis, which states that one of the B cells responds to a particular antigen and begins to divide which produces a large population of identical B, cells. All cells of the clone produce the same antibody against the originals epitope. B cells recognize specific epitopes on antigens according to the particular antibody present on the B cell plasma membrane. When a B cell reacts, it binds, engulfs and processes that antigen.
Gel Filtration of Proteins Session 4 Lab Report Semester 2 Victoria Franks 2930499 Gel Filtration of Proteins Introduction The aim of this experiment was to separate a range of proteins from a single sample, using their differing sizes to tell which protein was which when passed through a gel barrier. This method is called size exclusion chromatography. A range of coloured proteins and dyes are used so that samples can be easily idenitifed by the naked eye; however, two of the proteins are a similar colour, making it necessary to use spectrophotometry to tell the difference between them, based on the fact that they have different levels of absorbancy. A gel called Sephadex is used within a tight column and the protein sample is passed through using a strong buffer to help the smaller molecules of the protein sample to diffuse into the gel. As the Sephadex forms a network with tiny holes, this prevents molecules that are too large from getting inside.
Crayola Marker 3. Overhead Pen 4. Food Coloring Gel 5. Food Coloring Liquid Hypothesis: To answer the question it is hypothesized that both the gel and liquid food coloring will have the highest RF value. Background: The hypothesis builds upon past knowledge that Chromatography paper is used to separate mixtures.
Isolates showing inhibition zones of 30 μg cefoxitin (Oxoid, Cambridge, UK) disk, and that were positive for mecA gene by PCR, were characterized as MRSA. 2.4. Molecular typing PFGE was performed to analyze genetic relatedness of MRSA isolates collected from personnel and hospitalized patients in the high risk wards, with SmaI according to the protocol described previously ( ------). Briefly, after the SeaKem Gold Agarose embedded DNA was digested with 10 U of restriction endonuclease SmaI (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) for 1.5–2 h in water bath at 37 °C, DNA fragments were electrophoresed in 0.5 × TBE buffer at 14 °C for 24 h in Chef Mapper electrophoresis system (Biometra, Rotaphor system 6.0, 230V ), with pulse times of 5 s–60 s. Salmonella Braenderup H9812 was used as DNA ladder control strain. After DNAs were separated, the gel was stained with ethidium bromide, the DNA patterns were
6/28/2012 The 1st lab procedure performed was the gram stain. Previously, before starting the gram stain I prepared a bacterial smear on a glass slide and used the heat fixing method which was done to help the bacteria cells adhere to the glass, kill them, and also helps make the cells easier to stain by coagulating the cells proteins. The gram stain test helped me identify rather my bacterium would be a negative or positive and determined the microscopic morphology (shape, and arrangement) of my bacterium as well. The test
This paper will focus on one of the clinically significant forms of the Staphylococci family, called Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus is a form of bacteria that is classified under the kingdom of Eubacteria, phylum Firmicutes, and more specifically the Genus of Staphylococcus. There are roughly thirty two species and eight sub species of the Staphylococci family, of which, only three are clinically significant. These three species are significant as they can be distinguished by coagulase production and novobiocin resistance. S. aureus has unique characteristics that cause it to interact with organisms in a manner that can cause pathogenic effects.