Physics Lab Report Ib Measurement

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Physics Lab Report – Measurement Aim: To calculate, taking uncertainties into consideration, the maximum and minimum possible values of the density of a wooden block, copper wire and marble using the formula: Density = Mass/Volume The volumes are calculates using a vernier caliper, a screw gauge and metric ruler, and displacement of water respectively. The masses are measured using an electronic balance. Background: The vernier caliper has two jaws which are to be closed tightly on the object to be measured. The centimeter and millimeter mark to the left of the 0-mark of the vernier scale are read. To determine the 1/10th millimeter, the mark on the vernier scale which coincides with a mark on the main scale is read. The screw gauge measures objects to the 1/00th millimeter. In order to measure an object, the object is placed between the jaws and the thimble is rotated using the ratchet until the object is secured. The first significant figure is taken from the last graduation showing on the sleeve to the left of the thimble. The next two significant figures are taken directly from the thimble by reading the mark which is directly opposite the main scale. To measure volume by displacement of water, a graduated beaker is filled with water. The initial level of water is noted. The object to be measured is placed inside the beaker and the final level of water is noted. The difference between the final and initial level denotes the volume of the object. The electronic balance measures the mass of an object. The device should be reset to zero before every reading. Hypothesis: I predict that the density of the wooden block will be less than 1000 kg m-3 or 1 g cm-3 (the density of water) as it floats on water. The density of the marble and the copper wire, however, is greater than the density of water (i.e. it is greater than 1 g cm-3) as they

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