In part one of the lab we used a micro scale technique to derive an activity series for metals. With the use of this technique we measured the same amount of different metal nitrate solutions into each well. Then we placed a piece of metal in the other metal nitrate solutions. With the data we recorded we resulted our activity series for the metals. We resulted that lead, silver, and copper are the strongest oxidizing agents, and that magnesium and zinc are the weak oxidizing agents.
Also, the more stable the free radical that is left behind, the weaker its C-H bond strength will be. The difference between the bromine and chlorine product ratios can be partially explained by the Hammond postulate, which states that species with similar energy levels also have more similar structures and react more quickly and less selectively. In the experiment, five different hydrocarbons were tested to measure the rate of reaction with the addition of bromine. Two trials were done, one with the test tubes containing the hydrocarbons and added bromine sitting directly under a lamp, and another with the test tubes in a closed, dark space. Both trials contained a
Too much water added resulted in a high viscosity and low elasticity. In order for the PVA and borax to turn into solutions, high temperatures were set. Room temperature was not enough to form solutions, which is why a stove was used. The borax solution was the cross-linking agent due to the formation of boric acid, which accepts the OH- molecule in the PVA solution. Hydrogen bonding linked the borax solution and PVA together.
While hydrogen bonds have a uniquely high surface tension, van der Waals forces have a relatively weak attraction, which causes low surface tension. According to an author of Chem Guide, Jim Clark, in van der Waals forces, “the electrons are mobile, and at any one instant they might find themselves towards one end of the molecule, making that end slightly positive” (2000). In other words, oil is NOT a polar molecule like water, which causes the molecules to not stick to each other as well. The reason tension would occur is because the
Task 3 (D4) Choose one primary and one secondary cell and evaluate their use for portable applications. Primary – (silver oxide cells) Zinc-silver oxide cells effectively use the high electrode potential of silver to produce a high energy density that is combined with a flat discharge curve. This is done as silver oxide forms a positive anode for the cell which could also be mixed with little amounts of manganese dioxide. The metallic zinc in the battery powers the negative electrode which is formed into a gel like substance with the electrolyte usually sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. A separator membrane will then be infiltrated between the negative electrode gel and positive electrode preventing them from being mixed together which would make the battery useless if not in place.
These conditions are more suitable for ionic bonds. That is why the sucrose and salicylic acid did not have good results, because they have covalent bonds. There were a few sources of error that could be improved in the experiment. For example, when the substance was poured into the test tubes, some of the compound remained stuck to the weighing paper. If we used a stick resistant material for this step, the whole 1g would be accounted for.
Carbon dioxide is an significant contributor to the enhanced greenhouse effect. It can result in trapping more of the heat that Earth is radiating into space and cause detrimental climate changes and rising sea levels. The main concern regarding the combustion of organic compounds is the result of incomplete combustion. Incomplete combustion occurs when there is not enough oxygen to completely burn the fuel to carbon dioxide and water, causing pollution and fuel inefficiency. For example: Pentane reacts with little oxygen to form
Strong electrolytes produce large numbers of ions, which results in high conductivity values. Weak electrolytes result in low conductivity, and non-electrolytes should result in no conductivity. In this experiment, you will observe several factors that determine whether or not a solution conducts, and if so, the relative magnitude of the conductivity. Thus, this simple experiment allows you to learn a great deal about different compounds and their resulting solutions. In each part of the experiment, you will be observing a different property of electrolytes.
ABSTRACT Isopropyltoluene isomers were synthesized through the friedel-crafts alkylation of toluene with 2-chloropropane in the presence of aluminum chloride as a catalyst. Through extraction of the distillate with water and 5% NaHCO3, followed by a fractional vacuum distillation, the desired aromatic organic compound was isolated. Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography were used to analyze the composition, purity and to confirm the identity of the prepared product. The sample weighed approximately 2.66g, which reflected a low yield at 47%. However, from the GC the area % (also known as percent purity) was 91.8%, which indicates that a very pure product was obtained.
On each of these wafers the quantum dots are in between the substrate. On the last page it is shown, where the Indium quantum dots lie. In Kevin's assessment each quantum dot can "hold electrons. This control of the electrons causes them to emit light. If the quantum dots are placed in the cavity, the spot on the wafers where there are no crystals, in the middle, and capture electrons then the aims of the process are a success.