Support MT is parsimonious inasmuch as the same mechanism is used for both speech production and speech perception. Regarding the claim that speech is special, this claim was consistent with the climate at the time. By special, we mean that it requires a separate mechanism from that used with other sounds. Evidence that speech perception is special comes from categorical perception. Liberman reported that when people listen to sounds that vary along the voicing continuum, they hear only /ba/s and /pa/s, nothing in between.
Prosodic features – elements of spoken NOT written language, e.g. sounds like: grr, urr (eurgh), er, mmm Idiolect – the distinctive way that an individual speaks (can be conveyed through styles used), ‘tone of voice’ Standard English vs Slang – slang is informal, colloquial words or phrases ‘wicked’ (good) or dialect ‘yarling’ northern dialect for ‘wailing’ (from Old Norse – as spoken by the Vikings), like Cockney rhyming slang. Received pronunciation is ‘standard’ or ‘posh’ English. Jargon: any technical terms belonging to a group (teacher>student, religious people, military, car mechanic etc), e.g. ‘emotive language’ is a technical term – jargon – teachers use with students, but other people might not understand.
Certain elements, such as acronyms, initialisms, incomplete sentence structure, or the omission of vowels, included in abbreviated messaging technologies (sometimes referred to as “textese”), have contributed to the English language, reflected in the literature and writing skills of the people who use these media. As a response to the skepticism as to whether text messaging is more detrimental or beneficial to the English language, one reviewer comments “f u cn rd ths thn wats th prblm?” (Crystal
SEMISTER 2 : ASSIGNMENT 1 ENG 1502 NAME: PETER DENEKE STUDENT NUMBER: 54005221 UNIQUE NUMBER: 844354 DATE: 9SEP2014 Question 1 I Government II Agreement III Particularly IV Prioritized V Pronunciation explain these problems One reason for pronunciation difficulties are because of the way syllables are stressed√. A word is normally stressed on the first syllable. Exception are words with suffixes ( -ity or –ion) or prefixes (like con-dis). The second reason is the way a phoneme in a word is pronounced, when it comes to a vowel or consonant.too vague Some people want to sound every letter in a word, and are not aware that some letters that come in pairs are represented by one sound during pronunciation√ or that some sounds
It is considered a dialect of English and not a separate language. I have found in my research of Ebonics that there are many types of English. This is why Ebonics is thought to be slang when it is really a dialect. It works much like English language but with little differences. The biggest difference is that of the sound th, in Ebonics the th sound is d. So words like “those” are pronounced “dose”.
However, there is almost no motion along the length of the vocal folds. The oscillation of the vocal folds serves to modulate the pressure and flow of the air through the larynx, and this modulated airflow is the main component of the sound of most voiced phones. The sound that the larynx produces is a harmonic series. In other words, it consists of a fundamental tone (called the fundamental frequency, the main acoustic cue for the percept pitch) accompanied by harmonic overtones, which are multiples of the fundamental frequency[1] . [2] According to the Source-Filter Theory, the resulting sound excites the resonance chamber that is the vocal tract to produce the individual speech sounds.
Sentence construction is serviceable but frequently lacks concision, precision, or variety. Flow between sentences may be inconsistent. Word choice and tone may require significant improvement. | Clear and mostly fluid prose. Occasional minor errors in grammar and mechanics do not interfere significantly with the reading experience.
Phonology on the other hand studies the abstract aspect of sounds. Phonologists study phonemes which are represented by slashes. Phonemes consist of phones and the rules to describe how the sounds are distributed in a language. For example if we refer to the voiced palatal affricate [d3] without a context we are only referring to the phone, whereas in phonology we refer to
There are other language conventions that are constantly broken in spoken language, which are more strictly adhered to in written language. Examples of this include beginning sentences with but or because and ending sentences with prepositions. Some grammar tends to be used almost exclusively and not in speech. An example of this would be past perfect grammar. This is typically used to narrate something and therefore is rarely used in spoken English.
Contents: 1. Introduction;Bilingualism 2.Crucial Departure Points when Thinking about Bilingualism: The degree of bilingualism The context of bilingual language acquisition Age of acquisition Domain of use Social orientation 3.Bilingual Acquisition 4.Bilingualism and Cognitive Ability 5.Educations and Literacy in Bilingual Settings 6.Attitudes and Bilingualism 7.Reference 1-Introduction;Bilingualism BaetensBeardsmore’s comment that ‘bilingualism’ as a term has open-ended semantics’(1982:1).In other words ,the term bilingualism may mean different things to different people as there is no definition of bilingualism. For the average speaker,bilingualism can be loosely defined as the use of two languages or the native like control of two languages. In reality,most bilinguals probably fall somewhere in the middle of this continuum. 2-Crucial Departure Points when Thinking about Bilingualism: The degree of bilingualism: Degree of bilingualism refers to the levels of linguistic proficiency which a bilingual must achieve in both languages to be considered as a bilingual.