Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol), water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: List one extensive and one intensive property of marker ink. Intensive - color Extensive - volume Define mixture. a substance made by mixing other substances together. Is tap water a heterogeneous or homogenous mixture? Explain your answer.
Problem Which dissolves in water better, salt or baking soda? Hypothesis If salt and baking soda where put in water then baking soda will dissolve better than salt. Abstract The purpose of this project is to determine which material dissolves better in water between salt and baking soda. The hypothesis is If salt and baking soda where put in water then baking soda will dissolve better than salt. One teaspoon of salt and one teaspoon of baking soda were put in two separate transparent glasses of water and then the time of dissolving of each substance were calculated.
Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, rubbing alcohol, water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: 1.
Discussion & Conclusion In this experiment we learned how to synthesize the cyclohexene by dehydration of cyclohexanol. We procedure the first step where we have to mix the components. Then we heat the R.B.F with a fractionating column, distilled water. Then we obtained the layers, and we transferred the organic layer to a small, dry Erlenmeyer flask. We added anhydrous Sodium Sulfate as a drying agent.
One method for preparing baking soda is through reacting crystalline ammonium hydrogen carbonate with brine according to the following equation: NH4HCO3(s) + NaCl (aq) --> NaHCO3(aq) +NH4Cl(aq) Eq. 1 Brine contains sodium chloride, the compound needed to make baking soda, as well as potassium chloride, lithium chloride, and calcium chloride. Once the reaction has been completed, the solid baking soda is filtered off, but some contaminants may be present in the solid. The first step in determining the purity of the sample is to perform thermal gravimetric analysis (Experiment 7) on the baking soda sample to determine the percent composition of sodium bicarbonate in the sample. A sample of the baking soda will be heated until it decomposes to leave solid sodium carbonate according to the following equation: 2NaHCO3(s) --> Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g) Eq.
The crushed coffee grounds would dissolve with the water, forming a solution of water and coffee. However, not all of the coffee beans would dissolve. The insoluble chunks of the coffee beans would remain solid and stay apart from the water. Due to the mixing of the coffee and the water, the solution would take on a brown color and have a distinct smell. 2.
Introduction: You are aware that sugar dissolves in water but oil does not. What factors determine whether one substance will dissolve in another? A solvent is a substance that is capable of dissolving other substances and forming a homogeneous mixture called a solution. The substance dissolved is called the solute and is the component present in the smallest amount. The dissolving process involves a consideration of the relative strength of three intermolecular attractive forces.
A binding material can be separated by dissolving the tablet in ether since three active ingredients are soluble. Then, aqueous K2HPO4 and KOH are used to extract the ether solution with the conjugate base of the Aspirin layer and the conjugate base of the Acetaminophen, respectively. The caffeine can be isolated from the left over layer by evaporating the ether. Two separated solutions form solid by acidifying with HCl and the solid residue can be collected by vacuum filtration. According to the Revell's lab experiment, aspirin, acetaminophen, caffeine recoveries are 60% or higher, <10% and <5%, respectively.
When an indicators color changes it shows the presence of an organic compound. The purpose of using distilled water as one of the substances is that it is the control so you can see the differences. Also, in the substances distilled water was mixed in with them. The control group in part C is distilled water. The purpose of washing the test tubes thoroughly is so the chemicals don’t cross contaminate and affect the outcome of another section of the lab.
There are several different ways to create baking soda, but the Athenium Baking Soda Company chose to make baking soda by reacting ammonium hydrogen carbonate with a highly concentrated aqueous solution of NaCl or brine. An equation to demonstrate this process is: NH4HCO3(S) + NaCl (aq) → NaHCO3 (aq) +NH4Cl(aq) This salt-water concentration not only contains a high concentration of sodium chloride, but also concentrations of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and lithium chloride. Because of this fact residue of NH4HCO3 will possibly contain CaCl2, KCl, and LiCl. These contaminants of the brine will provide flaws to the baking soda, and thus production must be checked often by chemists who analyze the baking soda for lifespan, composition, purity, and quality. There are a couple different ways to determine the percent composition of baking soda.