There are many community based issues that falls under the goals of Healthy People 2020 that needs public healthcare and nursing intervention. The three Community Nursing Diagnoses I have chosen for this paper are: Risk for impaired parenting due to teenage pregnancy, Ineffective coping related to adolescents who experience major depressive episodes, and Risk for associated health complications related to obesity. The first diagnosis I will discuss is teenage pregnancy. Although the number of teens who get pregnant in the United States has fallen in recent years, the U.S. teen birth rate is still the highest of any developed country, with more than 400,000 births in 2009, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. According to the report, 50.1% of girls aged 15 to 19 who had an unintended pregnancy were not using any form of contraception when they got pregnant, and 31.4% thought they could not get pregnant at the time (nim.nih.gov).
In the United States alone, it is estimated that low rates of breastfeeding add $13 billion to medical costs and lead to 911 excess deaths every year (Save, 2012). Perhaps the most effective way to improve breastfeeding rates is to provide longer periods of paid maternity leave. Countries with generous maternity and parental leave policies – such as Denmark, Norway and Sweden – tend to have high breastfeeding rates. Public health researchers in the United States recently found that women whose maternity leave lasted longer than six weeks were more likely to initiate breastfeeding, continue for more than six months and rely mostly on exclusive breastfeeding beyond three months, compared with women who returned to work between one and six weeks after giving birth. Many countries have also enacted laws to enable mothers to have paid nursing breaks, some up to one hour paid per day as long as the mother needs.
In 2008, 41% of births were covered by Medicaid, with an average cost of $12.631 per child/woman. With Planned Parenthood and birth control readily available, the number of unplanned pregnancies would decline saving taxpayer’s money and supporting the rising problem of children/women on welfare. A third world argument in favor of birth control is a slashing number of abortions performed for unwanted pregnancies. As of 2006, nearly half of all pregnancies in the United States alone were unplanned pregnancies. Of those unplanned pregnancies, 43% were terminated through abortion.
In the last decade, the number of cesarean sections — or C-sections — performed in America has nearly doubled. In fact, in the country today, approximately 30 percent of all babies born in the United States are delivered by C-section. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine finds that more than a third of C-section are performed too early -- before 39 weeks -- putting newborns at greater risk for a variety of health problems. While many of these C-sections are medically indicated, the study found that more than half are done on an elective basis. 36 percent of women having elective C-sections scheduled their delivery before the recommended 39 weeks, making babies more likely to visit the intensive care unit, have infections and develop respiratory distress.
A nurse will likely have great interaction with infant’s parents. It is their responsibility to communicate any potential problems or issues that newborns are having. Approximately 40,000 low birth weight infants are born annually in the United States. These infants often need many months of care, but survival rates are now 10 times better than they were 15 years ago because of great medical advances and the growing skill of physician and nurse specialists. As with all the nursing careers, the demand for neonatal nurses and neonatal nurse practitioners is expected to increase of the nest ten years when I
Access to Care Student’s name: Course: Institution: Date of Submission: ACCESS TO CARE Pros and Cons of Expanding HealthCare Increasing access to healthcare will mean that a large majority of people can access these services. There are about 45 million uninsured Americans and about 60 million become uninsured at some point in the year (Song & Smith, 2007). This suggests that these people cannot access proper healthcare. Expanding access will thus reduce this number thereby reducing the occurrence of preventable diseases (Nandi et al, 2009). It has also been established that people without insurance receive little care, get sick more often and thus die quicker (Gilfords et al, 2005).
23 March. 2004 www.netlibrary.com The surgeon journals vision for a healthy and fit nation. Rockville, Md, U.S Departments of Health and Human Services 2010. Institute of medicine ofthe national academics www.iom.edu Centers for Disease control and prevention www.cdc.gov U.S. Obesity Epidemic Converges With Rise in Adult-Onset Diabetes Among Children, Says Pediatric Professor. Ascribe Health & Fitness News Service (17 May, 2001).
Vulnerable Population Teen pregnancy general refers to a pregnant female under the age of twenty. Teen pregnancy is associated with poor prenatal care and pre-term delivery (Brown, 2010). Pregnant teens are more likely to receive late or no prenatal care, have gestational hypertension and anemia, and achieve poor maternal weight gain (Webster, 2004). Teenage mothers are also more likely to have a pre-term delivery increasing the risk of child developmental delay, illness, and mortality. Teen mothers are more likely to drop out of school, remain unmarried, and live in poverty, their children are more likely to be born at low birth weight, grow up poor, live in single-parent households, experience abuse and neglect, and enter the child welfare system.
Once the Taliban took over Afghanistan, the death toll had significantly risen. For Afghan women, their greatest obstacle is child birth. On average, one Afghan woman dies every thirty minutes due to pregnancy related causes. (Walsh, 2007) The national maternal mortality rate in Afghanistan is 1600 for every 100,000 births, which is second in the world next to Sierra Leone. (Walsh, 2007) Healthcare for expectant mothers was a major issue.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, or SIDS, is the third leading cause of death in babies (U.S. Department of Heath and Human Services). More babies die in a year of SIDS than cancer, leukemia, heart disease, cystic fibrosis, and child abuse combined (“Sudden Infant Death”). But what is SIDS? The definition is the death of an infant within its first year that cannot be explained after an autopsy, an investigation of the place where the baby died, and a review of the baby's and its family's medical history. But what truly causes it is a mystery that leaves scientists and doctors with just guesses and tests to do.